-- Hoogle documentation, generated by Haddock
-- See Hoogle, http://www.haskell.org/hoogle/


-- | Alternative prelude with batteries and no dependencies
--   
--   A custom prelude with no dependencies apart from base.
--   
--   This package has the following goals:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>provide a base like sets of modules that provide a consistent set
--   of features and bugfixes across multiple versions of GHC (unlike
--   base).</li>
--   <li>provide a better and more efficient prelude than base's
--   prelude.</li>
--   <li>be self-sufficient: no external dependencies apart from base.</li>
--   <li>provide better data-types: packed unicode string by default,
--   arrays.</li>
--   <li>Better numerical classes that better represent mathematical thing
--   (No more all-in-one Num).</li>
--   <li>Better I/O system with less Lazy IO</li>
--   <li>Usual partial functions distinguished through type system</li>
--   </ul>
@package foundation
@version 0.0.10


-- | Enforce strictness when executing lambda
module Foundation.Strict
strict1 :: (a -> b) -> a -> b
strict2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> a -> b -> c
strict3 :: (a -> b -> c -> d) -> a -> b -> c -> d
strict4 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e
strict5 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f
strict6 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g

module Foundation.Math.Trigonometry

-- | Method to support basic trigonometric functions
class Trigonometry a

-- | the famous pi value
pi :: Trigonometry a => a

-- | sine
sin :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | cosine
cos :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | tan
tan :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | sine-1
asin :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | cosine-1
acos :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | tangent-1
atan :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic sine
sinh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic cosine
cosh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic tangent
tanh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic sine-1
asinh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic cosine-1
acosh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a

-- | hyperbolic tangent-1
atanh :: Trigonometry a => a -> a
instance Foundation.Math.Trigonometry.Trigonometry GHC.Types.Float
instance Foundation.Math.Trigonometry.Trigonometry GHC.Types.Double

module Foundation.Monad

-- | Monads in which <a>IO</a> computations may be embedded. Any monad
--   built by applying a sequence of monad transformers to the <a>IO</a>
--   monad will be an instance of this class.
--   
--   Instances should satisfy the following laws, which state that
--   <a>liftIO</a> is a transformer of monads:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>liftIO</a> . <a>return</a> = <a>return</a></pre></li>
--   <li><pre><a>liftIO</a> (m &gt;&gt;= f) = <a>liftIO</a> m &gt;&gt;=
--   (<a>liftIO</a> . f)</pre></li>
--   </ul>
class Monad m => MonadIO (m :: * -> *)

-- | Lift a computation from the <a>IO</a> monad.
liftIO :: MonadIO m => IO a -> m a

-- | Monad that can represent failure
--   
--   Similar to MonadFail but with a parametrized Failure linked to the
--   Monad
class Monad m => MonadFailure m where type Failure m where {
    type family Failure m;
}

-- | Raise a Failure through a monad.
mFail :: MonadFailure m => Failure m -> m ()

-- | Monad that can throw exception
class Monad m => MonadThrow m

-- | Throw immediatity an exception. Only a <a>MonadCatch</a> monad will be
--   able to catch the exception using <a>catch</a>
throw :: (MonadThrow m, Exception e) => e -> m a

-- | Monad that can catch exception
class MonadThrow m => MonadCatch m
catch :: (MonadCatch m, Exception e) => m a -> (e -> m a) -> m a

-- | Monad that can ensure cleanup actions are performed even in the case
--   of exceptions, both synchronous and asynchronous. This usually
--   excludes continuation-based monads.
class MonadCatch m => MonadBracket m

-- | A generalized version of the standard bracket function which allows
--   distinguishing different exit cases.
generalBracket :: MonadBracket m => m a -> (a -> b -> m ignored1) -> (a -> SomeException -> m ignored2) -> (a -> m b) -> m b

-- | Basic Transformer class
class MonadTrans trans

-- | Lift a computation from an inner monad to the current transformer
--   monad
lift :: (MonadTrans trans, Monad m) => m a -> trans m a

-- | Identity functor and monad. (a non-strict monad)
newtype Identity a :: * -> *
Identity :: a -> Identity a
[runIdentity] :: Identity a -> a


-- | The Reader monad transformer.
--   
--   This is useful to keep a non-modifiable value in a context
module Foundation.Monad.Reader
class Monad m => MonadReader m where type ReaderContext m where {
    type family ReaderContext m;
}
ask :: MonadReader m => m (ReaderContext m)

-- | Reader Transformer
data ReaderT r m a
runReaderT :: ReaderT r m a -> r -> m a
instance GHC.Base.Functor m => GHC.Base.Functor (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance GHC.Base.Applicative m => GHC.Base.Applicative (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance GHC.Base.Monad m => GHC.Base.Monad (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance Foundation.Monad.Transformer.MonadTrans (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r)
instance Control.Monad.IO.Class.MonadIO m => Control.Monad.IO.Class.MonadIO (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadFailure m => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadFailure (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadThrow m => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadThrow (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadCatch m => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadCatch (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)
instance GHC.Base.Monad m => Foundation.Monad.Reader.MonadReader (Foundation.Monad.Reader.ReaderT r m)

module Foundation.Monad.State
class Monad m => MonadState m where type State m where {
    type family State m;
}
withState :: MonadState m => (State m -> (a, State m)) -> m a
get :: MonadState m => m (State m)
put :: MonadState m => State m -> m ()

-- | State Transformer
data StateT s m a
runStateT :: StateT s m a -> s -> m (a, s)
instance GHC.Base.Functor m => GHC.Base.Functor (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Applicative m, GHC.Base.Monad m) => GHC.Base.Applicative (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, GHC.Base.Monad m) => GHC.Base.Monad (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance Foundation.Monad.Transformer.MonadTrans (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, Control.Monad.IO.Class.MonadIO m) => Control.Monad.IO.Class.MonadIO (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadFailure m) => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadFailure (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadThrow m) => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadThrow (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadCatch m) => Foundation.Monad.Exception.MonadCatch (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)
instance (GHC.Base.Functor m, GHC.Base.Monad m) => Foundation.Monad.State.MonadState (Foundation.Monad.State.StateT s m)


-- | Compared to the Haskell hierarchy of number classes this provide a
--   more flexible approach that is closer to the mathematical foundation
--   (group, field, etc)
--   
--   This try to only provide one feature per class, at the expense of the
--   number of classes.
module Foundation.Numerical

-- | Number literals, convertible through the generic Integer type.
--   
--   all number are Enum'erable, meaning that you can move to next element
class (Enum a, Eq a, Ord a, Integral a) => IsIntegral a
toInteger :: IsIntegral a => a -> Integer

-- | Non Negative Number literals, convertible through the generic Natural
--   type
class (Enum a, Eq a, Ord a, Integral a, IsIntegral a) => IsNatural a
toNatural :: IsNatural a => a -> Natural

-- | types that have sign and can be made absolute
class Signed a
abs :: Signed a => a -> a
signum :: Signed a => a -> Sign

-- | Represent class of things that can be added together, contains a
--   neutral element and is commutative.
--   
--   <pre>
--   x + azero = x
--   azero + x = x
--   x + y = y + x
--   </pre>
class Additive a where scale 0 _ = azero scale 1 a = a scale 2 a = a + a scale n a = a + scale (pred n) a
azero :: Additive a => a
(+) :: Additive a => a -> a -> a
scale :: (Additive a, IsNatural n) => n -> a -> a

-- | Represent class of things that can be subtracted.
--   
--   Note that the result is not necessary of the same type as the operand
--   depending on the actual type.
--   
--   For example:
--   
--   <pre>
--   (-) :: Int -&gt; Int -&gt; Int
--   (-) :: DateTime -&gt; DateTime -&gt; Seconds
--   (-) :: Ptr a -&gt; Ptr a -&gt; PtrDiff
--   (-) :: Natural -&gt; Natural -&gt; Maybe Natural
--   </pre>
class Subtractive a where type Difference a where {
    type family Difference a;
}
(-) :: Subtractive a => a -> a -> Difference a

-- | Represent class of things that can be multiplied together
--   
--   <pre>
--   x * midentity = x
--   midentity * x = x
--   </pre>
class Multiplicative a where (^) = power

-- | Identity element over multiplication
midentity :: Multiplicative a => a

-- | Multiplication of 2 elements that result in another element
(*) :: Multiplicative a => a -> a -> a

-- | Raise to power, repeated multiplication e.g. &gt; a ^ 2 = a * a &gt; a
--   ^ 10 = (a ^ 5) * (a ^ 5) .. (^) :: (IsNatural n) =&gt; a -&gt; n -&gt;
--   a
(^) :: (Multiplicative a, IsNatural n, IDivisible n) => a -> n -> a

-- | Represent types that supports an euclidian division
--   
--   <pre>
--   (x ‘div‘ y) * y + (x ‘mod‘ y) == x
--   </pre>
class (Additive a, Multiplicative a) => IDivisible a where div a b = fst $ divMod a b mod a b = snd $ divMod a b divMod a b = (div a b, mod a b)
div :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> a
mod :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> a
divMod :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> (a, a)

-- | Support for division between same types
--   
--   This is likely to change to represent specific mathematic divisions
class Multiplicative a => Divisible a
(/) :: Divisible a => a -> a -> a

-- | Sign of a signed number
data Sign
SignNegative :: Sign
SignZero :: Sign
SignPositive :: Sign
recip :: Divisible a => a -> a
class IntegralRounding a

-- | Round up, to the next integral.
--   
--   Also known as <tt>ceiling</tt>
roundUp :: (IntegralRounding a, Integral n) => a -> n

-- | Round down, to the previous integral
--   
--   Also known as <tt>floor</tt>
roundDown :: (IntegralRounding a, Integral n) => a -> n

-- | Truncate to the closest integral to the fractional number closer to 0.
--   
--   This is equivalent to roundUp for negative Number and roundDown for
--   positive Number
roundTruncate :: (IntegralRounding a, Integral n) => a -> n

-- | Round to the nearest integral
--   
--   <pre>
--   roundNearest 3.6
--   </pre>
--   
--   4 &gt; roundNearest 3.4 3
roundNearest :: (IntegralRounding a, Integral n) => a -> n

-- | IEEE754 Floating Point
class FloatingPoint a
floatRadix :: FloatingPoint a => Proxy a -> Integer
floatDigits :: FloatingPoint a => Proxy a -> Int
floatRange :: FloatingPoint a => Proxy a -> (Int, Int)
floatDecode :: FloatingPoint a => a -> (Integer, Int)
floatEncode :: FloatingPoint a => Integer -> Int -> a
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.Numerical.Sign
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Integer.Type.Integer
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Types.Int
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Int.Int8
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Int.Int16
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Int.Int32
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Int.Int64
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Types.Float
instance Foundation.Numerical.Signed GHC.Types.Double
instance Foundation.Numerical.IntegralRounding GHC.Real.Rational
instance Foundation.Numerical.IntegralRounding GHC.Types.Double
instance Foundation.Numerical.IntegralRounding GHC.Types.Float

module Foundation.Primitive.Nat

-- | (Kind) This is the kind of type-level natural numbers.
data Nat :: *

-- | This class gives the integer associated with a type-level natural.
--   There are instances of the class for every concrete literal: 0, 1, 2,
--   etc.
class KnownNat (n :: Nat)

natVal :: KnownNat n => proxy n -> Integer

-- | Comparison of type-level naturals, as a constraint.
type (<=) (x :: Nat) (y :: Nat) = (~) Bool ((<=?) x y) True

-- | Comparison of type-level naturals, as a function. NOTE: The
--   functionality for this function should be subsumed by <a>CmpNat</a>,
--   so this might go away in the future. Please let us know, if you
--   encounter discrepancies between the two.

-- | Addition of type-level naturals.

-- | Multiplication of type-level naturals.

-- | Exponentiation of type-level naturals.

-- | Subtraction of type-level naturals.

-- | Comparison of type-level naturals, as a function.
natValInt :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int n) => proxy n -> Int
natValInt8 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int8 n) => proxy n -> Int8
natValInt16 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int16 n) => proxy n -> Int16
natValInt32 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int32 n) => proxy n -> Int32
natValInt64 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int64 n) => proxy n -> Int64
natValWord :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Word n) => proxy n -> Word
natValWord8 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Word8 n) => proxy n -> Word8
natValWord16 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Word16 n) => proxy n -> Word16
natValWord32 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Word32 n) => proxy n -> Word32
natValWord64 :: forall n proxy. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Word64 n) => proxy n -> Word64

-- | Get Maximum bounds of different Integral / Natural types related to
--   Nat

-- | Check if a Nat is in bounds of another integral / natural types

-- | Constraint to check if a natural is within a specific bounds of a
--   type.
--   
--   i.e. given a Nat <tt>n</tt>, is it possible to convert it to
--   <tt>ty</tt> without losing information


-- | A Nat-sized list abstraction
--   
--   Using this module is limited to GHC 7.10 and above.
module Foundation.List.SList
data SList (n :: Nat) a
toSList :: forall (n :: Nat) a. (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int n) => [a] -> Maybe (SList n a)
unSList :: SList n a -> [a]
length :: forall a (n :: Nat). (KnownNat n, NatWithinBound Int n) => SList n a -> Int
create :: forall a (n :: Nat). KnownNat n => (Integer -> a) -> SList n a
createFrom :: forall a (n :: Nat) (start :: Nat). (KnownNat n, KnownNat start) => Proxy start -> (Integer -> a) -> SList n a
empty :: SList 0 a
singleton :: a -> SList 1 a
uncons :: CmpNat n 0 ~ GT => SList n a -> (a, SList (n - 1) a)
cons :: a -> SList n a -> SList (n + 1) a
map :: (a -> b) -> SList n a -> SList n b
elem :: Eq a => a -> SList n a -> Bool
foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> SList n a -> b
append :: SList n a -> SList m a -> SList (n + m) a
minimum :: (Ord a, CmpNat n 0 ~ GT) => SList n a -> a
maximum :: (Ord a, CmpNat n 0 ~ GT) => SList n a -> a
head :: CmpNat n 0 ~ GT => SList n a -> a
tail :: CmpNat n 0 ~ GT => SList n a -> SList (n - 1) a
take :: forall a (m :: Nat) (n :: Nat). (KnownNat m, NatWithinBound Int m, m <= n) => SList n a -> SList m a
drop :: forall a d (m :: Nat) (n :: Nat). (KnownNat d, NatWithinBound Int d, (n - m) ~ d, m <= n) => SList n a -> SList m a
zip :: SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n (a, b)
zip3 :: SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n (a, b, c)
zip4 :: SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n d -> SList n (a, b, c, d)
zip5 :: SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n d -> SList n e -> SList n (a, b, c, d, e)
zipWith :: (a -> b -> x) -> SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n x
zipWith3 :: (a -> b -> c -> x) -> SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n x
zipWith4 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> x) -> SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n d -> SList n x
zipWith5 :: (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> x) -> SList n a -> SList n b -> SList n c -> SList n d -> SList n e -> SList n x
replicateM :: forall (n :: Nat) m a. (n <= 1048576, Monad m, KnownNat n) => m a -> m (SList n a)


-- | A block of memory that contains elements of a type, very similar to an
--   unboxed array but with the key difference:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>It doesn't have slicing capability (no cheap take or drop)</li>
--   <li>It consume less memory: 1 Offset, 1 CountOf, 1 Pinning status
--   trimmed</li>
--   <li>It's unpackable in any constructor</li>
--   <li>It uses unpinned memory by default</li>
--   </ul>
module Foundation.Primitive.Block

-- | A block of memory containing unpacked bytes representing values of
--   type <tt>ty</tt>
data Block ty
Block :: ByteArray# -> Block ty

-- | A Mutable block of memory containing unpacked bytes representing
--   values of type <tt>ty</tt>
data MutableBlock ty st
MutableBlock :: (MutableByteArray# st) -> MutableBlock ty st
length :: forall ty. PrimType ty => Block ty -> CountOf ty

-- | Thaw an immutable block.
--   
--   If the immutable block is modified, then the original immutable block
--   will be modified too, but lead to unexpected results when querying
unsafeThaw :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => Block ty -> prim (MutableBlock ty (PrimState prim))

-- | Freeze a mutable block into a block.
--   
--   If the mutable block is still use after freeze, then the modification
--   will be reflected in an unexpected way in the Block.
unsafeFreeze :: PrimMonad prim => MutableBlock ty (PrimState prim) -> prim (Block ty)

-- | Return the element at a specific index from an array without bounds
--   checking.
--   
--   Reading from invalid memory can return unpredictable and invalid
--   values. use <tt>index</tt> if unsure.
unsafeIndex :: forall ty. PrimType ty => Block ty -> Offset ty -> ty

-- | Thaw a Block into a MutableBlock
--   
--   the Block is not modified, instead a new Mutable Block is created and
--   its content is copied to the mutable block
thaw :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => Block ty -> prim (MutableBlock ty (PrimState prim))
freeze :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => MutableBlock ty (PrimState prim) -> prim (Block ty)

-- | Copy every cells of an existing Block to a new Block
copy :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> Block ty

-- | Create a new array of size <tt>n by settings each cells through the
--   function </tt>f.
create :: forall ty. PrimType ty => CountOf ty -> (Offset ty -> ty) -> Block ty
singleton :: PrimType ty => ty -> Block ty
replicate :: PrimType ty => CountOf ty -> ty -> Block ty

-- | Return the element at a specific index from an array.
--   
--   If the index @n is out of bounds, an error is raised.
index :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> Offset ty -> ty

-- | Map all element <tt>a</tt> from a block to a new block of <tt>b</tt>
map :: (PrimType a, PrimType b) => (a -> b) -> Block a -> Block b
foldl :: PrimType ty => (a -> ty -> a) -> a -> Block ty -> a
foldl' :: PrimType ty => (a -> ty -> a) -> a -> Block ty -> a
foldr :: PrimType ty => (ty -> a -> a) -> a -> Block ty -> a
cons :: PrimType ty => ty -> Block ty -> Block ty
snoc :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> ty -> Block ty
uncons :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> Maybe (ty, Block ty)
unsnoc :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> Maybe (Block ty, ty)
sub :: PrimType ty => Block ty -> Offset ty -> Offset ty -> Block ty
splitAt :: PrimType ty => CountOf ty -> Block ty -> (Block ty, Block ty)
revSplitAt :: PrimType ty => CountOf ty -> Block ty -> (Block ty, Block ty)
splitOn :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> [Block ty]
break :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> (Block ty, Block ty)
span :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> (Block ty, Block ty)
elem :: PrimType ty => ty -> Block ty -> Bool
all :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> Bool
any :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> Bool
find :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> Maybe ty
filter :: PrimType ty => (ty -> Bool) -> Block ty -> Block ty
reverse :: forall ty. PrimType ty => Block ty -> Block ty
sortBy :: forall ty. PrimType ty => (ty -> ty -> Ordering) -> Block ty -> Block ty
intersperse :: forall ty. PrimType ty => ty -> Block ty -> Block ty

-- | Copy all the block content to the memory starting at the destination
--   address
unsafeCopyToPtr :: forall ty prim. PrimMonad prim => Block ty -> Ptr ty -> prim ()


module Foundation.VFS.Path

-- | Path type class
--   
--   defines the Path associated types and basic functions to implement
--   related to the path manipulation
--   
--   # TODO, add missing enhancement:
--   
--   <pre>
--   splitExtension :: PathEnt path -&gt; (PathEnt path, PathEnt path)
--   addExtension  :: PathEnt path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; PathEnt path
--   (<a>.</a>) :: path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; path
--   (-<a>.</a>) :: path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; path
--   </pre>
class Path path where type PathEnt path type PathPrefix path type PathSuffix path where {
    type family PathEnt path;
    type family PathPrefix path;
    type family PathSuffix path;
}

-- | join a path entity to a given path
(</>) :: Path path => path -> PathEnt path -> path

-- | split the path into the associated elements
splitPath :: Path path => path -> (PathPrefix path, [PathEnt path], PathSuffix path)

-- | build the path from the associated elements
buildPath :: Path path => (PathPrefix path, [PathEnt path], PathSuffix path) -> path

-- | parent is only going to drop the filename.
--   
--   if you actually want to reference to the parent directory, simply
--   uses:
--   
--   <pre>
--   parent "." <i>= "." &lt;</i>&gt; ".."
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parent ("foo.hs" :: FilePath)
--   .
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parent ("foo/bar/baz.hs" :: FilePath)
--   foo/bar
--   </pre>
parent :: Path path => path -> path

-- | get the filename of the given path
--   
--   If there is no filename, you will receive the <a>mempty</a> of the
--   <a>PathEnt</a>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; filename ("foo.hs" :: FilePath)
--   foo.hs
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; filename ("foo/bar/baz.hs" :: FilePath)
--   baz.hs
--   </pre>
filename :: (Path path, Monoid (PathEnt path)) => path -> PathEnt path

-- | get the path prefix information
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; prefix ("/home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   Absolute
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; prefix ("home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   Relative
--   </pre>
--   
--   or for URI (TODO, not yet accurate)
--   
--   <pre>
--   prefix "<a>http://github.com/vincenthz/hs-foundation?w=1"</a>
--      == URISchema http Nothing Nothing "github.com" Nothing
--   </pre>
prefix :: Path path => path -> PathPrefix path

-- | get the path suffix information
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; suffix ("/home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   ()
--   </pre>
--   
--   or for URI (TODO, not yet accurate)
--   
--   <pre>
--   suffix "<a>http://github.com/vincenthz/hs-foundation?w=1"</a>
--      == URISuffix (["w", "1"], Nothing)
--   </pre>
suffix :: Path path => path -> PathSuffix path


module Foundation.VFS.URI

-- | TODO this is not implemented yet
data URI
URI :: URI
data URISchema
URISchema :: URISchema
data URIAuthority
URIAuthority :: URIAuthority
data URIQuery
URIQuery :: URIQuery
data URIFragment
URIFragment :: URIFragment
data URIPath
URIPath :: URIPath
instance Foundation.VFS.Path.Path Foundation.VFS.URI.URI


module Foundation.Convertible

-- | Class of things that can be converted from a to b
class Convertible a b where type Convert a b where {
    type family Convert a b;
}
convert :: Convertible a b => Proxy b -> a -> Convert a b
instance Foundation.Convertible.Convertible a a


-- | Formally, the class <a>Bifunctor</a> represents a bifunctor from
--   <tt>Hask</tt> -&gt; <tt>Hask</tt>.
--   
--   Intuitively it is a bifunctor where both the first and second
--   arguments are covariant.
--   
--   You can define a <a>Bifunctor</a> by either defining <a>bimap</a> or
--   by defining both <a>first</a> and <a>second</a>.
module Foundation.Class.Bifunctor

-- | Formally, the class <a>Bifunctor</a> represents a bifunctor from
--   <tt>Hask</tt> -&gt; <tt>Hask</tt>.
--   
--   Intuitively it is a bifunctor where both the first and second
--   arguments are covariant.
--   
--   You can define a <a>Bifunctor</a> by either defining <a>bimap</a> or
--   by defining both <a>first</a> and <a>second</a>.
--   
--   If you supply <a>bimap</a>, you should ensure that:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> <a>id</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
--   
--   If you supply <a>first</a> and <a>second</a>, ensure:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>first</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   <a>second</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
--   
--   If you supply both, you should also ensure:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> f g ≡ <a>first</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
--   
--   These ensure by parametricity:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a>  (f <a>.</a> g) (h <a>.</a> i) ≡ <a>bimap</a> f h <a>.</a> <a>bimap</a> g i
--   <a>first</a>  (f <a>.</a> g) ≡ <a>first</a>  f <a>.</a> <a>first</a>  g
--   <a>second</a> (f <a>.</a> g) ≡ <a>second</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
class Bifunctor (p :: * -> * -> *)

-- | Map over both arguments at the same time.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> f g ≡ <a>first</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
bimap :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d

-- | Map covariantly over the first argument.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>first</a> f ≡ <a>bimap</a> f <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
first :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> p a c -> p b c

-- | Map covariantly over the second argument.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>second</a> ≡ <a>bimap</a> <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
second :: Bifunctor p => (b -> c) -> p a b -> p a c


-- | Different collections (list, vector, string, ..) unified under 1 API.
--   an API to rules them all, and in the darkness bind them.
module Foundation.Primitive

-- | Represent the accessor for types that can be stored in the UArray and
--   MUArray.
--   
--   Types need to be a instance of storable and have fixed sized.
class Eq ty => PrimType ty

-- | get the size in bytes of a ty element
primSizeInBytes :: PrimType ty => Proxy ty -> Size8

-- | return the element stored at a specific index
primBaUIndex :: PrimType ty => ByteArray# -> Offset ty -> ty

-- | Read an element at an index in a mutable array
primMbaURead :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => MutableByteArray# (PrimState prim) -> Offset ty -> prim ty

-- | Write an element to a specific cell in a mutable array.
primMbaUWrite :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => MutableByteArray# (PrimState prim) -> Offset ty -> ty -> prim ()

-- | Read from Address, without a state. the value read should be
--   considered a constant for all pratical purpose, otherwise bad thing
--   will happens.
primAddrIndex :: PrimType ty => Addr# -> Offset ty -> ty

-- | Read a value from Addr in a specific primitive monad
primAddrRead :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => Addr# -> Offset ty -> prim ty

-- | Write a value to Addr in a specific primitive monad
primAddrWrite :: (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => Addr# -> Offset ty -> ty -> prim ()

-- | Primitive monad that can handle mutation.
--   
--   For example: IO and ST.
class (Functor m, Applicative m, Monad m) => PrimMonad m where type PrimState m type PrimVar m :: * -> * where {
    type family PrimState m;
    type family PrimVar m :: * -> *;
}

-- | Unwrap the State# token to pass to a function a primitive function
--   that returns an unboxed state and a value.
primitive :: PrimMonad m => (State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)) -> m a

-- | Throw Exception in the primitive monad
primThrow :: (PrimMonad m, Exception e) => e -> m a

-- | Run a Prim monad from a dedicated state#
unPrimMonad :: PrimMonad m => m a -> State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)

-- | Build a new variable in the Prim Monad
primVarNew :: PrimMonad m => a -> m (PrimVar m a)

-- | Read the variable in the Prim Monad
primVarRead :: PrimMonad m => PrimVar m a -> m a

-- | Write the variable in the Prim Monad
primVarWrite :: PrimMonad m => PrimVar m a -> a -> m ()

-- | Class of types that can be byte-swapped.
--   
--   e.g. Word16, Word32, Word64
class ByteSwap a

-- | Little Endian value
newtype LE a
LE :: a -> LE a
[unLE] :: LE a -> a

-- | Convert a value in cpu endianess to little endian
toLE :: ByteSwap a => a -> LE a

-- | Convert from a little endian value to the cpu endianness
fromLE :: ByteSwap a => LE a -> a

-- | Big Endian value
newtype BE a
BE :: a -> BE a
[unBE] :: BE a -> a

-- | Convert a value in cpu endianess to big endian
toBE :: ByteSwap a => a -> BE a

-- | Convert from a big endian value to the cpu endianness
fromBE :: ByteSwap a => BE a -> a

-- | Upsize an integral value
--   
--   The destination type <tt>b</tt> size need to be greater or equal than
--   the size type of <tt>a</tt>
class IntegralUpsize a b
integralUpsize :: IntegralUpsize a b => a -> b

-- | Downsize an integral value
class IntegralDownsize a b where integralDownsize = id
integralDownsize :: IntegralDownsize a b => a -> b
integralDownsize :: (IntegralDownsize a b, a ~ b) => a -> b
integralDownsizeCheck :: IntegralDownsize a b => a -> Maybe b

-- | Cast an integral value to another value that have the same
--   representional size
class IntegralCast a b where integralCast = id
integralCast :: IntegralCast a b => a -> b
integralCast :: (IntegralCast a b, a ~ b) => a -> b

-- | Data that can be fully evaluated in Normal Form
class NormalForm a
toNormalForm :: NormalForm a => a -> ()
force :: NormalForm a => a -> a
deepseq :: NormalForm a => a -> b -> b

-- | Either a or b or both.
data These a b
This :: a -> These a b
That :: b -> These a b
These :: a -> b -> These a b

-- | A block of memory containing unpacked bytes representing values of
--   type <tt>ty</tt>
data Block ty

-- | A Mutable block of memory containing unpacked bytes representing
--   values of type <tt>ty</tt>
data MutableBlock ty st


-- | a Generalized version of Fstable, Sndable, ..
--   
--   Using this module is limited to GHC 7.10 and above.
module Foundation.Tuple.Nth

-- | A generalized version of indexed accessor allowing access to tuples
--   n'th element.
--   
--   Indexing starts at 1, as <a>fst</a> is used to get first element.
class KnownNat n => Nthable n a where type NthTy n a where {
    type family NthTy n a;
}
nth :: Nthable n a => proxy n -> a -> NthTy n a
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (a, b)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (a, b)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple2 a b)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple2 a b)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (a, b, c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (a, b, c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 3 (a, b, c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple3 a b c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple3 a b c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 3 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple3 a b c)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (a, b, c, d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (a, b, c, d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 3 (a, b, c, d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 4 (a, b, c, d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 1 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple4 a b c d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 2 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple4 a b c d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 3 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple4 a b c d)
instance Foundation.Tuple.Nth.Nthable 4 (Foundation.Tuple.Tuple4 a b c d)

module Foundation.Bits

-- | Unsafe Shift Left Operator
(.<<.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Unsafe Shift Right Operator
(.>>.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | The <a>Bits</a> class defines bitwise operations over integral types.
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>Bits are numbered from 0 with bit 0 being the least significant
--   bit.</li>
--   </ul>
class Eq a => Bits a

-- | Bitwise "and"
(.&.) :: Bits a => a -> a -> a

-- | Bitwise "or"
(.|.) :: Bits a => a -> a -> a

-- | Bitwise "xor"
xor :: Bits a => a -> a -> a

-- | Reverse all the bits in the argument
complement :: Bits a => a -> a

-- | <tt><a>shift</a> x i</tt> shifts <tt>x</tt> left by <tt>i</tt> bits if
--   <tt>i</tt> is positive, or right by <tt>-i</tt> bits otherwise. Right
--   shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they fill
--   the top bits with 1 if the <tt>x</tt> is negative and with 0
--   otherwise.
--   
--   An instance can define either this unified <a>shift</a> or
--   <a>shiftL</a> and <a>shiftR</a>, depending on which is more convenient
--   for the type in question.
shift :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | <tt><a>rotate</a> x i</tt> rotates <tt>x</tt> left by <tt>i</tt> bits
--   if <tt>i</tt> is positive, or right by <tt>-i</tt> bits otherwise.
--   
--   For unbounded types like <a>Integer</a>, <a>rotate</a> is equivalent
--   to <a>shift</a>.
--   
--   An instance can define either this unified <a>rotate</a> or
--   <a>rotateL</a> and <a>rotateR</a>, depending on which is more
--   convenient for the type in question.
rotate :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | <a>zeroBits</a> is the value with all bits unset.
--   
--   The following laws ought to hold (for all valid bit indices
--   <tt><i>n</i></tt>):
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>clearBit</a> <a>zeroBits</a> <i>n</i> ==
--   <a>zeroBits</a></pre></li>
--   <li><pre><a>setBit</a> <a>zeroBits</a> <i>n</i> == <a>bit</a>
--   <i>n</i></pre></li>
--   <li><pre><a>testBit</a> <a>zeroBits</a> <i>n</i> == False</pre></li>
--   <li><pre><a>popCount</a> <a>zeroBits</a> == 0</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   This method uses <tt><a>clearBit</a> (<a>bit</a> 0) 0</tt> as its
--   default implementation (which ought to be equivalent to
--   <a>zeroBits</a> for types which possess a 0th bit).
zeroBits :: Bits a => a

-- | <tt>bit <i>i</i></tt> is a value with the <tt><i>i</i></tt>th bit set
--   and all other bits clear.
--   
--   Can be implemented using <a>bitDefault</a> if <tt>a</tt> is also an
--   instance of <a>Num</a>.
--   
--   See also <a>zeroBits</a>.
bit :: Bits a => Int -> a

-- | <tt>x `setBit` i</tt> is the same as <tt>x .|. bit i</tt>
setBit :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | <tt>x `clearBit` i</tt> is the same as <tt>x .&amp;. complement (bit
--   i)</tt>
clearBit :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | <tt>x `complementBit` i</tt> is the same as <tt>x `xor` bit i</tt>
complementBit :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Return <a>True</a> if the <tt>n</tt>th bit of the argument is 1
--   
--   Can be implemented using <a>testBitDefault</a> if <tt>a</tt> is also
--   an instance of <a>Num</a>.
testBit :: Bits a => a -> Int -> Bool

-- | Return the number of bits in the type of the argument. The actual
--   value of the argument is ignored. Returns Nothing for types that do
--   not have a fixed bitsize, like <a>Integer</a>.
bitSizeMaybe :: Bits a => a -> Maybe Int

-- | Return the number of bits in the type of the argument. The actual
--   value of the argument is ignored. The function <a>bitSize</a> is
--   undefined for types that do not have a fixed bitsize, like
--   <a>Integer</a>.
bitSize :: Bits a => a -> Int

-- | Return <a>True</a> if the argument is a signed type. The actual value
--   of the argument is ignored
isSigned :: Bits a => a -> Bool

-- | Shift the argument left by the specified number of bits (which must be
--   non-negative).
--   
--   An instance can define either this and <a>shiftR</a> or the unified
--   <a>shift</a>, depending on which is more convenient for the type in
--   question.
shiftL :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Shift the argument left by the specified number of bits. The result is
--   undefined for negative shift amounts and shift amounts greater or
--   equal to the <a>bitSize</a>.
--   
--   Defaults to <a>shiftL</a> unless defined explicitly by an instance.
unsafeShiftL :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Shift the first argument right by the specified number of bits. The
--   result is undefined for negative shift amounts and shift amounts
--   greater or equal to the <a>bitSize</a>.
--   
--   Right shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they
--   fill the top bits with 1 if the <tt>x</tt> is negative and with 0
--   otherwise.
--   
--   An instance can define either this and <a>shiftL</a> or the unified
--   <a>shift</a>, depending on which is more convenient for the type in
--   question.
shiftR :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Shift the first argument right by the specified number of bits, which
--   must be non-negative an smaller than the number of bits in the type.
--   
--   Right shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they
--   fill the top bits with 1 if the <tt>x</tt> is negative and with 0
--   otherwise.
--   
--   Defaults to <a>shiftR</a> unless defined explicitly by an instance.
unsafeShiftR :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Rotate the argument left by the specified number of bits (which must
--   be non-negative).
--   
--   An instance can define either this and <a>rotateR</a> or the unified
--   <a>rotate</a>, depending on which is more convenient for the type in
--   question.
rotateL :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Rotate the argument right by the specified number of bits (which must
--   be non-negative).
--   
--   An instance can define either this and <a>rotateL</a> or the unified
--   <a>rotate</a>, depending on which is more convenient for the type in
--   question.
rotateR :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a

-- | Return the number of set bits in the argument. This number is known as
--   the population count or the Hamming weight.
--   
--   Can be implemented using <a>popCountDefault</a> if <tt>a</tt> is also
--   an instance of <a>Num</a>.
popCount :: Bits a => a -> Int

-- | Round up (if needed) to a multiple of <tt>alignment</tt> closst to
--   <tt>m</tt>
--   
--   <tt>alignment</tt> needs to be a power of two
--   
--   alignRoundUp 16 8 = 16 alignRoundUp 15 8 = 16
alignRoundUp :: Int -> Int -> Int

-- | Round down (if needed) to a multiple of <tt>alignment</tt> closest to
--   <tt>m</tt>
--   
--   <tt>alignment</tt> needs to be a power of two
--   
--   <pre>
--   alignRoundDown 15 8 = 8
--   alignRoundDown 8 8  = 8
--   </pre>
alignRoundDown :: Int -> Int -> Int


module Foundation.Foreign

-- | Create a pointer with an associated finalizer
data FinalPtr a
FinalPtr :: (Ptr a) -> FinalPtr a
FinalForeign :: (ForeignPtr a) -> FinalPtr a

-- | Check if 2 final ptr points on the same memory bits
--   
--   it stand to reason that provided a final ptr that is still being
--   referenced and thus have the memory still valid, if 2 final ptrs have
--   the same address, they should be the same final ptr
finalPtrSameMemory :: FinalPtr a -> FinalPtr b -> Bool

-- | Cast a finalized pointer from type a to type b
castFinalPtr :: FinalPtr a -> FinalPtr b

-- | create a new FinalPtr from a Pointer
toFinalPtr :: PrimMonad prim => Ptr a -> (Ptr a -> IO ()) -> prim (FinalPtr a)

-- | Create a new FinalPtr from a ForeignPtr
toFinalPtrForeign :: ForeignPtr a -> FinalPtr a

-- | Looks at the raw pointer inside a FinalPtr, making sure the data
--   pointed by the pointer is not finalized during the call to <tt>f</tt>
withFinalPtr :: PrimMonad prim => FinalPtr p -> (Ptr p -> prim a) -> prim a

-- | Unsafe version of <a>withFinalPtr</a>
withUnsafeFinalPtr :: PrimMonad prim => FinalPtr p -> (Ptr p -> prim a) -> a
withFinalPtrNoTouch :: FinalPtr p -> (Ptr p -> a) -> a
foreignMem :: PrimType ty => FinalPtr ty -> CountOf ty -> UArray ty
mutableForeignMem :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => FinalPtr ty -> Int -> prim (MUArray ty (PrimState prim))


-- | Opaque packed String encoded in UTF8.
--   
--   The type is an instance of IsString and IsList, which allow
--   OverloadedStrings for string literal, and <tt>fromList</tt> to convert
--   a [Char] (Prelude String) to a packed representation
--   
--   <pre>
--   {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
--   s = "Hello World" :: String
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   s = fromList ("Hello World" :: Prelude.String) :: String
--   </pre>
--   
--   Each unicode code point is represented by a variable encoding of 1 to
--   4 bytes,
--   
--   For more information about UTF8:
--   <a>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8</a>
module Foundation.String

-- | Opaque packed array of characters in the UTF8 encoding
data String

-- | Various String Encoding that can be use to convert to and from bytes
data Encoding
ASCII7 :: Encoding
UTF8 :: Encoding
UTF16 :: Encoding
UTF32 :: Encoding
ISO_8859_1 :: Encoding

-- | Convert a ByteArray to a string assuming a specific encoding.
--   
--   It returns a 3-tuple of:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>The string that has been succesfully converted without any
--   error</li>
--   <li>An optional validation error</li>
--   <li>The remaining buffer that hasn't been processed (either as a
--   result of an error, or because the encoded sequence is not fully
--   available)</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   Considering a stream of data that is fetched chunk by chunk, it's
--   valid to assume that some sequence might fall in a chunk boundary.
--   When converting chunks, if the error is Nothing and the remaining
--   buffer is not empty, then this buffer need to be prepended to the next
--   chunk
fromBytes :: Encoding -> UArray Word8 -> (String, Maybe ValidationFailure, UArray Word8)

-- | Convert a UTF8 array of bytes to a String.
--   
--   If there's any error in the stream, it will automatically insert
--   replacement bytes to replace invalid sequences.
--   
--   In the case of sequence that fall in the middle of 2 chunks, the
--   remaining buffer is supposed to be preprended to the next chunk, and
--   resume the parsing.
fromBytesLenient :: UArray Word8 -> (String, UArray Word8)

-- | Convert a Byte Array representing UTF8 data directly to a string
--   without checking for UTF8 validity
--   
--   If the input contains invalid sequences, it will trigger runtime async
--   errors when processing data.
--   
--   In doubt, use <a>fromBytes</a>
fromBytesUnsafe :: UArray Word8 -> String

-- | Convert a String to a bytearray in a specific encoding
--   
--   if the encoding is UTF8, the underlying buffer is returned without
--   extra allocation or any processing
--   
--   In any other encoding, some allocation and processing are done to
--   convert.
toBytes :: Encoding -> String -> UArray Word8

-- | Possible failure related to validating bytes of UTF8 sequences.
data ValidationFailure
InvalidHeader :: ValidationFailure
InvalidContinuation :: ValidationFailure
MissingByte :: ValidationFailure

-- | Split lines in a string using newline as separation
lines :: String -> [String]

-- | Split words in a string using spaces as separation
--   
--   <pre>
--   words "Hello Foundation"
--   </pre>
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><i> <a>Hello</a>, <a>Foundation</a> </i></li>
--   </ul>
words :: String -> [String]

-- | Convert a <a>String</a> to the upper-case equivalent. Does not
--   properly support multicharacter Unicode conversions.
upper :: String -> String

-- | Convert a <a>String</a> to the upper-case equivalent. Does not
--   properly support multicharacter Unicode conversions.
lower :: String -> String


module Foundation.System.Info
data OS
Windows :: OS
OSX :: OS
Linux :: OS
Android :: OS
BSD :: OS

-- | get the operating system on which the program is running.
--   
--   Either return the known <a>OS</a> or a strict <a>String</a> of the OS
--   name.
--   
--   This function uses the <tt>base</tt>'s <a>os</a> function.
os :: Either [Char] OS

-- | Enumeration of the known GHC supported architecture.
data Arch
I386 :: Arch
X86_64 :: Arch
PowerPC :: Arch
PowerPC64 :: Arch
Sparc :: Arch
Sparc64 :: Arch
ARM :: Arch
ARM64 :: Arch

-- | get the machine architecture on which the program is running
--   
--   Either return the known architecture or a Strict <a>String</a> of the
--   architecture name.
--   
--   This function uses the <tt>base</tt>'s <a>arch</a> function.
arch :: Either [Char] Arch

-- | returns the number of CPUs the machine has
cpus :: IO Int
data Endianness
LittleEndian :: Endianness
BigEndian :: Endianness

-- | endianness of the current architecture
endianness :: Endianness

-- | get the compiler name
--   
--   get the compilerName from base package but convert it into a strict
--   String
compilerName :: String

-- | The version of <a>compilerName</a> with which the program was compiled
--   or is being interpreted.
compilerVersion :: Version

-- | A <a>Version</a> represents the version of a software entity.
--   
--   An instance of <a>Eq</a> is provided, which implements exact equality
--   modulo reordering of the tags in the <a>versionTags</a> field.
--   
--   An instance of <a>Ord</a> is also provided, which gives lexicographic
--   ordering on the <a>versionBranch</a> fields (i.e. 2.1 &gt; 2.0, 1.2.3
--   &gt; 1.2.2, etc.). This is expected to be sufficient for many uses,
--   but note that you may need to use a more specific ordering for your
--   versioning scheme. For example, some versioning schemes may include
--   pre-releases which have tags <tt>"pre1"</tt>, <tt>"pre2"</tt>, and so
--   on, and these would need to be taken into account when determining
--   ordering. In some cases, date ordering may be more appropriate, so the
--   application would have to look for <tt>date</tt> tags in the
--   <a>versionTags</a> field and compare those. The bottom line is, don't
--   always assume that <a>compare</a> and other <a>Ord</a> operations are
--   the right thing for every <a>Version</a>.
--   
--   Similarly, concrete representations of versions may differ. One
--   possible concrete representation is provided (see <a>showVersion</a>
--   and <a>parseVersion</a>), but depending on the application a different
--   concrete representation may be more appropriate.
data Version :: *
Version :: [Int] -> [String] -> Version

-- | The numeric branch for this version. This reflects the fact that most
--   software versions are tree-structured; there is a main trunk which is
--   tagged with versions at various points (1,2,3...), and the first
--   branch off the trunk after version 3 is 3.1, the second branch off the
--   trunk after version 3 is 3.2, and so on. The tree can be branched
--   arbitrarily, just by adding more digits.
--   
--   We represent the branch as a list of <a>Int</a>, so version 3.2.1
--   becomes [3,2,1]. Lexicographic ordering (i.e. the default instance of
--   <a>Ord</a> for <tt>[Int]</tt>) gives the natural ordering of branches.
[versionBranch] :: Version -> [Int]

-- | A version can be tagged with an arbitrary list of strings. The
--   interpretation of the list of tags is entirely dependent on the entity
--   that this version applies to.
[versionTags] :: Version -> [String]
instance Data.Data.Data Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance GHC.Enum.Bounded Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance GHC.Enum.Enum Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.System.Info.Arch
instance Data.Data.Data Foundation.System.Info.OS
instance GHC.Enum.Bounded Foundation.System.Info.OS
instance GHC.Enum.Enum Foundation.System.Info.OS
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.System.Info.OS
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.System.Info.OS
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.System.Info.OS

module Foundation.String.Read
readInteger :: String -> Maybe Integer

-- | Read an Integer from a String
--   
--   Consume an optional minus sign and many digits until end of string.
readIntegral :: (HasNegation i, IntegralUpsize Word8 i, Additive i, Multiplicative i, IsIntegral i) => String -> Maybe i

-- | Read a Natural from a String
--   
--   Consume many digits until end of string.
readNatural :: String -> Maybe Natural

-- | Try to read a Double
readDouble :: String -> Maybe Double

-- | Try to read a floating number as a Rational
--   
--   Note that for safety reason, only exponent between -10000 and 10000 is
--   allowed as otherwise DoS/OOM is very likely. if you don't want this
--   behavior, switching to a scientific type (not provided yet) that
--   represent the exponent separately is the advised solution.
readRational :: String -> Maybe Rational

-- | Read an Floating like number of the form:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><i> <a>-</a> </i> <a>numbers</a> [ <a>.</a> <a>numbers</a> ] [ (
--   <tt>e</tt> | <tt>E</tt> ) [ <a>-</a> ] <a>number</a> ]</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   Call a function with:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>A boolean representing if the number is negative</li>
--   <li>The digits part represented as a single natural number (123.456 is
--   represented as 123456)</li>
--   <li>The number of digits in the fractional part (e.g. 123.456 =&gt;
--   3)</li>
--   <li>The exponent if any</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   The code is structured as a simple state machine that:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>Optionally Consume a <a>-</a> sign</li>
--   <li>Consume number for the integral part</li>
--   <li>Optionally</li>
--   <li>Consume <a>.</a></li>
--   <li>Consume remaining digits if not already end of string</li>
--   <li>Optionally Consume a <tt>e</tt> or <tt>E</tt> follow by an
--   optional <a>-</a> and a number</li>
--   </ul>
readFloatingExact :: String -> ReadFloatingCallback a -> Maybe a


module Foundation.System.Entropy

-- | Get some of the system entropy
getEntropy :: CountOf Word8 -> IO (UArray Word8)


-- | Give access to Array non public functions which can be used to make
--   certains optimisations.
--   
--   Most of what is available here has no guarantees of stability.
--   Anything can be removed and changed.
module Foundation.Array.Internal

-- | An array of type built on top of GHC primitive.
--   
--   The elements need to have fixed sized and the representation is a
--   packed contiguous array in memory that can easily be passed to foreign
--   interface
data UArray ty
UVecBA :: {-# UNPACK #-} !(Offset ty) -> {-# UNPACK #-} !(CountOf ty) -> {-# UNPACK #-} !PinnedStatus -> ByteArray# -> UArray ty
UVecAddr :: {-# UNPACK #-} !(Offset ty) -> {-# UNPACK #-} !(CountOf ty) -> !(FinalPtr ty) -> UArray ty
fromForeignPtr :: PrimType ty => (ForeignPtr ty, Int, Int) -> UArray ty
withPtr :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => UArray ty -> (Ptr ty -> prim a) -> prim a

-- | Copy all the block content to the memory starting at the destination
--   address
copyToPtr :: forall ty prim. (PrimType ty, PrimMonad prim) => UArray ty -> Ptr ty -> prim ()

-- | Recast an array of type a to an array of b
--   
--   a and b need to have the same size otherwise this raise an async
--   exception
recast :: forall a b. (PrimType a, PrimType b) => UArray a -> UArray b
toHexadecimal :: PrimType ty => UArray ty -> UArray Word8

-- | Create a new mutable array of size @n.
--   
--   When memory for a new array is allocated, we decide if that memory
--   region should be pinned (will not be copied around by GC) or unpinned
--   (can be moved around by GC) depending on its size.
--   
--   You can change the threshold value used by setting the environment
--   variable <tt>HS_FOUNDATION_UARRAY_UNPINNED_MAX</tt>.
new :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => CountOf ty -> prim (MUArray ty (PrimState prim))

-- | Create a new pinned mutable array of size @n.
--   
--   all the cells are uninitialized and could contains invalid values.
--   
--   All mutable arrays are allocated on a 64 bits aligned addresses
newPinned :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => CountOf ty -> prim (MUArray ty (PrimState prim))

-- | Create a pointer on the beginning of the mutable array and call a
--   function <tt>f</tt>.
--   
--   The mutable buffer can be mutated by the <tt>f</tt> function and the
--   change will be reflected in the mutable array
--   
--   If the mutable array is unpinned, a trampoline buffer is created and
--   the data is only copied when <tt>f</tt> return.
withMutablePtr :: (PrimMonad prim, PrimType ty) => MUArray ty (PrimState prim) -> (Ptr ty -> prim a) -> prim a


-- | Different collections (list, vector, string, ..) unified under 1 API.
--   an API to rules them all, and in the darkness bind them.
module Foundation.Collection
class Zippable col => BoxedZippable col where zip = zipWith (,) zip3 = zipWith3 (,,) zip4 = zipWith4 (,,,) zip5 = zipWith5 (,,,,) zip6 = zipWith6 (,,,,,) zip7 = zipWith7 (,,,,,,) unzip = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty) go ((a, b) : xs) = let (as, bs) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs) unzip3 = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty, mempty) go ((a, b, c) : xs) = let (as, bs, cs) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs, c `cons` cs) unzip4 = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty) go ((a, b, c, d) : xs) = let (as, bs, cs, ds) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs, c `cons` cs, d `cons` ds) unzip5 = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty) go ((a, b, c, d, e) : xs) = let (as, bs, cs, ds, es) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs, c `cons` cs, d `cons` ds, e `cons` es) unzip6 = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty) go ((a, b, c, d, e, f) : xs) = let (as, bs, cs, ds, es, fs) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs, c `cons` cs, d `cons` ds, e `cons` es,  f `cons` fs) unzip7 = go . toList where go [] = (mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty, mempty) go ((a, b, c, d, e, f, g) : xs) = let (as, bs, cs, ds, es, fs, gs) = go xs in (a `cons` as, b `cons` bs, c `cons` cs, d `cons` ds, e `cons` es,  f `cons` fs, g `cons` gs)

-- | <a>zip</a> takes two collections and returns a collections of
--   corresponding pairs. If one input collection is short, excess elements
--   of the longer collection are discarded.
zip :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b)) => a -> b -> col

-- | Like <a>zip</a>, but works with 3 collections.
zip3 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c)) => a -> b -> c -> col

-- | Like <a>zip</a>, but works with 4 collections.
zip4 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d)) => a -> b -> c -> d -> col

-- | Like <a>zip</a>, but works with 5 collections.
zip5 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e)) => a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> col

-- | Like <a>zip</a>, but works with 6 collections.
zip6 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e, Element f)) => a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> col

-- | Like <a>zip</a>, but works with 7 collections.
zip7 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f, Sequential g, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e, Element f, Element g)) => a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g -> col

-- | <a>unzip</a> transforms a collection of pairs into a collection of
--   first components and a collection of second components.
unzip :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b)) => col -> (a, b)

-- | Like <a>unzip</a>, but works on a collection of 3-element tuples.
unzip3 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c)) => col -> (a, b, c)

-- | Like <a>unzip</a>, but works on a collection of 4-element tuples.
unzip4 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d)) => col -> (a, b, c, d)

-- | Like <a>unzip</a>, but works on a collection of 5-element tuples.
unzip5 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e)) => col -> (a, b, c, d, e)

-- | Like <a>unzip</a>, but works on a collection of 6-element tuples.
unzip6 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e, Element f)) => col -> (a, b, c, d, e, f)

-- | Like <a>unzip</a>, but works on a collection of 7-element tuples.
unzip7 :: (BoxedZippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f, Sequential g, Element col ~ (Element a, Element b, Element c, Element d, Element e, Element f, Element g)) => col -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)

-- | Element type of a collection

-- | A monomorphic functor that maps the inner values to values of the same
--   type
class InnerFunctor c where imap = fmap
imap :: InnerFunctor c => (Element c -> Element c) -> c -> c
imap :: (InnerFunctor c, Functor f, Element (f a) ~ a, f a ~ c) => (Element c -> Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Give the ability to fold a collection on itself
class Foldable collection where foldr' f z0 xs = foldl f' id xs z0 where f' k x z = k $! f x z

-- | Left-associative fold of a structure.
--   
--   In the case of lists, foldl, when applied to a binary operator, a
--   starting value (typically the left-identity of the operator), and a
--   list, reduces the list using the binary operator, from left to right:
--   
--   <pre>
--   foldl f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == (...((z `f` x1) `f` x2) `f`...) `f` xn
--   </pre>
--   
--   Note that to produce the outermost application of the operator the
--   entire input list must be traversed. This means that foldl' will
--   diverge if given an infinite list.
--   
--   Also note that if you want an efficient left-fold, you probably want
--   to use foldl' instead of foldl. The reason for this is that latter
--   does not force the "inner" results (e.g. z f x1 in the above example)
--   before applying them to the operator (e.g. to (f x2)). This results in
--   a thunk chain O(n) elements long, which then must be evaluated from
--   the outside-in.
foldl :: Foldable collection => (a -> Element collection -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Left-associative fold of a structure but with strict application of
--   the operator.
foldl' :: Foldable collection => (a -> Element collection -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Right-associative fold of a structure.
--   
--   <pre>
--   foldr f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == x1 `f` (x2 `f` ... (xn `f` z)...)
--   </pre>
foldr :: Foldable collection => (Element collection -> a -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Right-associative fold of a structure, but with strict application of
--   the operator.
foldr' :: Foldable collection => (Element collection -> a -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Functors representing data structures that can be traversed from left
--   to right.
--   
--   Mostly like base's <tt>Traversable</tt> but applied to collections
--   only.
class Functor collection => Mappable collection where traverse f = sequenceA . fmap f sequenceA = traverse id mapM = traverse sequence = sequenceA

-- | Map each element of a structure to an action, evaluate these actions
--   from left to right, and collect the results. For a version that
--   ignores the results see <a>traverse_</a>.
traverse :: (Mappable collection, Applicative f) => (a -> f b) -> collection a -> f (collection b)

-- | Evaluate each actions of the given collections, from left to right,
--   and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results, see
--   <a>sequenceA_</a>
sequenceA :: (Mappable collection, Applicative f) => collection (f a) -> f (collection a)

-- | Map each element of the collection to an action, evaluate these
--   actions from left to right, and collect the results. For a version
--   that ignores the results see <a>mapM_</a>.
mapM :: (Mappable collection, Applicative m, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> collection a -> m (collection b)

-- | Evaluate each actions of the given collections, from left to right,
--   and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results, see
--   <a>sequence_</a>
sequence :: (Mappable collection, Applicative m, Monad m) => collection (m a) -> m (collection a)

-- | Map each element of a collection to an action, evaluate these actions
--   from left to right, and ignore the results. For a version that doesn't
--   ignore the results see <a>traverse</a>
traverse_ :: (Mappable col, Applicative f) => (a -> f b) -> col a -> f ()

-- | Evaluate each action in the collection from left to right, and ignore
--   the results. For a version that doesn't ignore the results see
--   <a>sequenceA</a>. sequenceA_ :: (Mappable col, Applicative f) =&gt;
--   col (f a) -&gt; f () sequenceA_ col = sequenceA col *&gt; pure ()
--   
--   Map each element of a collection to a monadic action, evaluate these
--   actions from left to right, and ignore the results. For a version that
--   doesn't ignore the results see <a>mapM</a>.
mapM_ :: (Mappable col, Applicative m, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> col a -> m ()

-- | <a>forM</a> is <a>mapM</a> with its arguments flipped. For a version
--   that ignores the results see <a>forM_</a>.
forM :: (Mappable col, Applicative m, Monad m) => col a -> (a -> m b) -> m (col b)

-- | <a>forM_</a> is <a>mapM_</a> with its arguments flipped. For a version
--   that doesn't ignore the results see <a>forM</a>.
forM_ :: (Mappable col, Applicative m, Monad m) => col a -> (a -> m b) -> m ()

-- | A set of methods for ordered colection
class (IsList c, Item c ~ Element c) => Collection c where elem e col = not $ e `notElem` col notElem e col = not $ e `elem` col

-- | Check if a collection is empty
null :: Collection c => c -> Bool

-- | Length of a collection (number of Element c)
length :: Collection c => c -> CountOf (Element c)

-- | Check if a collection contains a specific element
--   
--   This is the inverse of <a>notElem</a>.
elem :: forall a. (Collection c, Eq a, a ~ Element c) => Element c -> c -> Bool

-- | Check if a collection does *not* contain a specific element
--   
--   This is the inverse of <a>elem</a>.
notElem :: forall a. (Collection c, Eq a, a ~ Element c) => Element c -> c -> Bool

-- | Get the maximum element of a collection
maximum :: forall a. (Collection c, Ord a, a ~ Element c) => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Get the minimum element of a collection
minimum :: forall a. (Collection c, Ord a, a ~ Element c) => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Determine is any elements of the collection satisfy the predicate
any :: Collection c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Bool

-- | Determine is all elements of the collection satisfy the predicate
all :: Collection c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Bool

-- | NonEmpty property for any Collection
--   
--   This can only be made, through the <a>nonEmpty</a> smart contructor
data NonEmpty a
getNonEmpty :: NonEmpty a -> a

-- | Smart constructor to create a NonEmpty collection
--   
--   If the collection is empty, then Nothing is returned Otherwise, the
--   collection is wrapped in the NonEmpty property
nonEmpty :: Collection c => c -> Maybe (NonEmpty c)

-- | same as <a>nonEmpty</a>, but assume that the collection is non empty,
--   and return an asynchronous error if it is.
nonEmpty_ :: Collection c => c -> NonEmpty c
nonEmptyFmap :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> NonEmpty (f a) -> NonEmpty (f b)

-- | A set of methods for ordered colection
class (IsList c, Item c ~ Element c, Monoid c, Collection c) => Sequential c where take n = fst . splitAt n revTake n = fst . revSplitAt n drop n = snd . splitAt n revDrop n = snd . revSplitAt n splitAt n c = (take n c, drop n c) revSplitAt n c = (revTake n c, revDrop n c) break predicate = span (not . predicate) breakElem c = break (== c) intercalate xs xss = mconcatCollection (intersperse xs xss) span predicate = break (not . predicate) partition predicate c = (filter predicate c, filter (not . predicate) c) head nel = maybe (error "head") fst $ uncons (getNonEmpty nel) last nel = maybe (error "last") snd $ unsnoc (getNonEmpty nel) tail nel = maybe (error "tail") snd $ uncons (getNonEmpty nel) init nel = maybe (error "init") fst $ unsnoc (getNonEmpty nel) isPrefixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | len1 == len2 = c1 == c2 | otherwise = c1 == take len1 c2 where len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 isSuffixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | len1 == len2 = c1 == c2 | otherwise = c1 == revTake len1 c2 where len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 isInfixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | otherwise = loop 0 where endofs = len2 - len1 len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 loop i | i == endofs = c1 == c2Sub | c1 == c2Sub = True | otherwise = loop (succ i) where c2Sub = take len1 $ drop i $ c2

-- | Take the first @n elements of a collection
take :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Take the last @n elements of a collection
revTake :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Drop the first @n elements of a collection
drop :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Drop the last @n elements of a collection
revDrop :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Split the collection at the @n'th elements
splitAt :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split the collection at the @n'th elements from the end
revSplitAt :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split on a specific elements returning a list of colletion
splitOn :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> [c]

-- | Split a collection when the predicate return true
break :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split a collection when the predicate return true
breakElem :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => Element c -> c -> (c, c)

-- | The <a>intersperse</a> function takes an element and a list and
--   `intersperses' that element between the elements of the list. For
--   example,
--   
--   <pre>
--   intersperse ',' "abcde" == "a,b,c,d,e"
--   </pre>
intersperse :: Sequential c => Element c -> c -> c

-- | <a>intercalate</a> <tt>xs xss</tt> is equivalent to
--   <tt>(<a>mconcat</a> (<a>intersperse</a> xs xss))</tt>. It inserts the
--   list <tt>xs</tt> in between the lists in <tt>xss</tt> and concatenates
--   the result.
intercalate :: (Sequential c, Monoid (Item c)) => Element c -> c -> Element c

-- | Split a collection while the predicate return true
span :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Filter all the elements that satisfy the predicate
filter :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> c

-- | Partition the elements thtat satisfy the predicate and those that
--   don't
partition :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Reverse a collection
reverse :: Sequential c => c -> c

-- | Decompose a collection into its first element and the remaining
--   collection. If the collection is empty, returns Nothing.
uncons :: Sequential c => c -> Maybe (Element c, c)

-- | Decompose a collection into a collection without its last element, and
--   the last element If the collection is empty, returns Nothing.
unsnoc :: Sequential c => c -> Maybe (c, Element c)

-- | Prepend an element to an ordered collection
snoc :: Sequential c => c -> Element c -> c

-- | Append an element to an ordered collection
cons :: Sequential c => Element c -> c -> c

-- | Find an element in an ordered collection
find :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Maybe (Element c)

-- | Sort an ordered collection using the specified order function
sortBy :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Element c -> Ordering) -> c -> c

-- | Create a collection with a single element
singleton :: Sequential c => Element c -> c

-- | get the first element of a non-empty collection
head :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | get the last element of a non-empty collection
last :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Extract the elements after the first element of a non-empty
--   collection.
tail :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> c

-- | Extract the elements before the last element of a non-empty
--   collection.
init :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> c

-- | Create a collection where the element in parameter is repeated N time
replicate :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> Element c -> c

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   prefix of the second.
isPrefixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   prefix of the second.
isPrefixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   suffix of the second.
isSuffixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   suffix of the second.
isSuffixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is an
--   infix of the second.
isInfixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is an
--   infix of the second.
isInfixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Collection of things that can be made mutable, modified and then
--   freezed into an MutableFreezed collection
class MutableCollection c where type MutableFreezed c type MutableKey c type MutableValue c unsafeThaw = thaw unsafeFreeze = freeze where {
    type family MutableFreezed c;
    type family MutableKey c;
    type family MutableValue c;
}
unsafeThaw :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => MutableFreezed c -> prim (c (PrimState prim))
unsafeFreeze :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> prim (MutableFreezed c)
thaw :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => MutableFreezed c -> prim (c (PrimState prim))
freeze :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> prim (MutableFreezed c)
mutNew :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => CountOf (MutableValue c) -> prim (c (PrimState prim))
mutUnsafeWrite :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> MutableKey c -> MutableValue c -> prim ()
mutWrite :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> MutableKey c -> MutableValue c -> prim ()
mutUnsafeRead :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> MutableKey c -> prim (MutableValue c)
mutRead :: (MutableCollection c, PrimMonad prim) => c (PrimState prim) -> MutableKey c -> prim (MutableValue c)

-- | Collection of elements that can indexed by int
class IndexedCollection c
(!) :: IndexedCollection c => c -> Offset (Element c) -> Maybe (Element c)
findIndex :: IndexedCollection c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Maybe (Offset (Element c))

-- | Collection of things that can be looked up by Key
class KeyedCollection c where type Key c type Value c where {
    type family Key c;
    type family Value c;
}
lookup :: KeyedCollection c => Key c -> c -> Maybe (Value c)
class Sequential col => Zippable col where zipWith f a b = go f (toList a, toList b) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry2 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons2 zipWith3 f a b c = go f (toList a, toList b, toList c) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry3 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons3 zipWith4 fn a b c d = go fn (toList a, toList b, toList c, toList d) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry4 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons4 zipWith5 fn a b c d e = go fn (toList a, toList b, toList c, toList d, toList e) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry5 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons5 zipWith6 fn a b c d e f = go fn (toList a, toList b, toList c, toList d, toList e, toList f) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry6 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons6 zipWith7 fn a b c d e f g = go fn (toList a, toList b, toList c, toList d, toList e, toList f,  toList g) where go f' = maybe mempty (\ (x, xs) -> uncurry7 f' x `cons` go f' xs) . uncons7

-- | <a>zipWith</a> generalises <a>zip</a> by zipping with the function
--   given as the first argument, instead of a tupling function. For
--   example, <tt><a>zipWith</a> (+)</tt> is applied to two collections to
--   produce the collection of corresponding sums.
zipWith :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element col) -> a -> b -> col

-- | Like <a>zipWith</a>, but works with 3 collections.
zipWith3 :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element c -> Element col) -> a -> b -> c -> col

-- | Like <a>zipWith</a>, but works with 4 collections.
zipWith4 :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element c -> Element d -> Element col) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> col

-- | Like <a>zipWith</a>, but works with 5 collections.
zipWith5 :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element c -> Element d -> Element e -> Element col) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> col

-- | Like <a>zipWith</a>, but works with 6 collections.
zipWith6 :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element c -> Element d -> Element e -> Element f -> Element col) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> col

-- | Like <a>zipWith</a>, but works with 7 collections.
zipWith7 :: (Zippable col, Sequential a, Sequential b, Sequential c, Sequential d, Sequential e, Sequential f, Sequential g) => (Element a -> Element b -> Element c -> Element d -> Element e -> Element f -> Element g -> Element col) -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g -> col

-- | Collections that can be built chunk by chunk.
--   
--   Use the <a>Monad</a> instance of <a>Builder</a> to chain <a>append</a>
--   operations and feed it into <a>build</a>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; runST $ build 32 (append 'a' &gt;&gt; append 'b' &gt;&gt; append 'c') :: UArray Char
--   "abc"
--   </pre>
class Buildable col where type Mutable col :: * -> * type Step col where {
    type family Mutable col :: * -> *;
    type family Step col;
}
append :: (Buildable col, PrimMonad prim) => Element col -> Builder col (Mutable col) (Step col) prim ()
build :: (Buildable col, PrimMonad prim) => Int -> Builder col (Mutable col) (Step col) prim () -> prim col
newtype Builder collection mutCollection step state a
Builder :: State (Offset step, BuildingState collection mutCollection step (PrimState state)) state a -> Builder collection mutCollection step state a
[runBuilder] :: Builder collection mutCollection step state a -> State (Offset step, BuildingState collection mutCollection step (PrimState state)) state a

-- | The in-progress state of a building operation.
--   
--   The previous buffers are in reverse order, and this contains the
--   current buffer and the state of progress packing the elements inside.
data BuildingState collection mutCollection step state
BuildingState :: [collection] -> !(CountOf step) -> mutCollection state -> !(CountOf step) -> BuildingState collection mutCollection step state
[prevChunks] :: BuildingState collection mutCollection step state -> [collection]
[prevChunksSize] :: BuildingState collection mutCollection step state -> !(CountOf step)
[curChunk] :: BuildingState collection mutCollection step state -> mutCollection state
[chunkSize] :: BuildingState collection mutCollection step state -> !(CountOf step)
class Copy a
copy :: Copy a => a -> a


-- | <a>https://github.com/haskell-foundation/issues/111</a>
module Foundation.Class.Storable

-- | Storable type of self determined size.
class Storable a
peek :: Storable a => Ptr a -> IO a
poke :: Storable a => Ptr a -> a -> IO ()

-- | Extending the Storable type class to the types that can be sequenced
--   in a structure.
class Storable a => StorableFixed a
size :: StorableFixed a => proxy a -> CountOf Word8
alignment :: StorableFixed a => proxy a -> CountOf Word8

-- | A value of type <tt><a>Ptr</a> a</tt> represents a pointer to an
--   object, or an array of objects, which may be marshalled to or from
--   Haskell values of type <tt>a</tt>.
--   
--   The type <tt>a</tt> will often be an instance of class <a>Storable</a>
--   which provides the marshalling operations. However this is not
--   essential, and you can provide your own operations to access the
--   pointer. For example you might write small foreign functions to get or
--   set the fields of a C <tt>struct</tt>.
data Ptr a :: * -> *
plusPtr :: StorableFixed a => Ptr a -> CountOf a -> Ptr a

-- | The <a>castPtr</a> function casts a pointer from one type to another.
castPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr b

-- | like <a>peek</a> but at a given offset.
peekOff :: StorableFixed a => Ptr a -> Offset a -> IO a

-- | like <a>poke</a> but at a given offset.
pokeOff :: StorableFixed a => Ptr a -> Offset a -> a -> IO ()
peekArray :: (Buildable col, StorableFixed (Element col)) => CountOf (Element col) -> Ptr (Element col) -> IO col
peekArrayEndedBy :: (Buildable col, StorableFixed (Element col), Eq (Element col), Show (Element col)) => Element col -> Ptr (Element col) -> IO col
pokeArray :: (Sequential col, StorableFixed (Element col)) => Ptr (Element col) -> col -> IO ()
pokeArrayEndedBy :: (Sequential col, StorableFixed (Element col)) => Element col -> Ptr (Element col) -> col -> IO ()
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable Foreign.C.Types.CChar
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable Foreign.C.Types.CUChar
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Types.Char
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Types.Double
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Types.Float
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Int.Int8
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Int.Int16
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Int.Int32
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Int.Int64
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Word.Word8
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Word.Word16
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word16)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word16)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Word.Word32
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word32)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word32)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable GHC.Word.Word64
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word64)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word64)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable (GHC.Ptr.Ptr a)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed Foreign.C.Types.CChar
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed Foreign.C.Types.CUChar
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Types.Char
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Types.Double
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Types.Float
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Int.Int8
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Int.Int16
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Int.Int32
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Int.Int64
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Word.Word8
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Word.Word16
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word16)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word16)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Word.Word32
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word32)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word32)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed GHC.Word.Word64
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.BE GHC.Word.Word64)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (Foundation.Primitive.Endianness.LE GHC.Word.Word64)
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed (GHC.Ptr.Ptr a)


-- | Data structure for optimised operations (append, cons, snoc) on list
module Foundation.List.DList
data DList a
instance GHC.Classes.Eq a => GHC.Classes.Eq (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance GHC.Classes.Ord a => GHC.Classes.Ord (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance GHC.Show.Show a => GHC.Show.Show (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance GHC.Exts.IsList (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance GHC.Base.Monoid (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance GHC.Base.Functor Foundation.List.DList.DList
instance GHC.Base.Applicative Foundation.List.DList.DList
instance GHC.Base.Monad Foundation.List.DList.DList
instance Foundation.Collection.Foldable.Foldable (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance Foundation.Collection.Collection.Collection (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)
instance Foundation.Collection.Sequential.Sequential (Foundation.List.DList.DList a)


-- | The current implementation is mainly, if not copy/pasted, inspired
--   from <tt>memory</tt>'s Parser.
--   
--   A very simple bytearray parser related to Parsec and Attoparsec
--   
--   Simple example:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt; parse ((,,) &lt;$&gt; take 2 &lt;*&gt; element 0x20 &lt;*&gt; (elements "abc" *&gt; anyElement)) "xx abctest"
--   ParseOK "est" ("xx", 116)
--   </pre>
module Foundation.Parser

-- | Simple parser structure
newtype Parser input a
Parser :: (forall r. input -> Failure input r -> Success input a r -> Result input r) -> Parser input a
[runParser] :: Parser input a -> forall r. input -> Failure input r -> Success input a r -> Result input r

-- | Simple parsing result, that represent respectively:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>failure: with the error message</li>
--   <li>continuation: that need for more input data</li>
--   <li>success: the remaining unparsed data and the parser value</li>
--   </ul>
data Result input a
ParseFail :: (ParserError input) -> Result input a
ParseMore :: (Maybe input -> Result input a) -> Result input a
ParseOK :: input -> a -> Result input a
data ParserError input
Expected :: !input -> !input -> ParserError input

-- | the expected input
[expectedInput] :: ParserError input -> !input

-- | but received this data
[receivedInput] :: ParserError input -> !input

-- | some bytes didn't satisfy predicate
DoesNotSatify :: ParserError input

-- | not enough data to complete the parser
NotEnough :: ParserError input

-- | only use in the event of Monad.fail function
MonadFail :: String -> ParserError input

-- | Run a Parser on a ByteString and return a <a>Result</a>
parse :: Sequential input => Parser input a -> input -> Result input a

-- | Run a parser on an @initial input.
--   
--   If the Parser need more data than available, the @feeder function is
--   automatically called and fed to the More continuation.
parseFeed :: (Sequential input, Monad m) => m (Maybe input) -> Parser input a -> input -> m (Result input a)

-- | parse only the given input
--   
--   The left-over `Element input` will be ignored, if the parser call for
--   more data it will be continuously fed with <a>Nothing</a> (up to 256
--   iterations).
parseOnly :: (Typeable input, Show input, Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input a -> input -> a
hasMore :: Sequential input => Parser input Bool

-- | Parse a specific `Element input` at current position
--   
--   if the `Element input` is different than the expected one, this parser
--   will raise a failure.
element :: (Sequential input, Eq (Element input)) => Element input -> Parser input ()

-- | take one element if satisfy the given predicate
satisfy :: Sequential input => (Element input -> Bool) -> Parser input (Element input)

-- | Get the next `Element input` from the parser
anyElement :: Sequential input => Parser input (Element input)

-- | Parse a sequence of elements from current position
--   
--   if the following `Element input` don't match the expected
--   <tt>input</tt> completely, the parser will raise a failure
elements :: (Show input, Eq input, Sequential input) => input -> Parser input ()
string :: String -> Parser String ()

-- | Take @n elements from the current position in the stream
take :: Sequential input => CountOf (Element input) -> Parser input input

-- | Take elements while the @predicate hold from the current position in
--   the stream
takeWhile :: Sequential input => (Element input -> Bool) -> Parser input input

-- | Take the remaining elements from the current position in the stream
takeAll :: Sequential input => Parser input input

-- | Skip @n elements from the current position in the stream
skip :: Sequential input => CountOf (Element input) -> Parser input ()

-- | Skip `Element input` while the @predicate hold from the current
--   position in the stream
skipWhile :: Sequential input => (Element input -> Bool) -> Parser input ()

-- | Skip all the remaining `Element input` from the current position in
--   the stream
skipAll :: Sequential input => Parser input ()

-- | One or none.
optional :: Alternative f => f a -> f (Maybe a)

-- | Zero or more.
many :: Alternative f => forall a. f a -> f [a]

-- | One or more.
some :: Alternative f => forall a. f a -> f [a]

-- | An associative binary operation
(<|>) :: Alternative f => forall a. f a -> f a -> f a
data Count
Never :: Count
Once :: Count
Twice :: Count
Other :: Int -> Count
data Condition
Exactly :: Count -> Condition
Between :: Count -> Count -> Condition

-- | repeat the given Parser a given amount of time
--   
--   If you know you want it to exactly perform a given amount of time:
--   
--   ``` repeat (Exactly Twice) (element <tt>a</tt>) ```
--   
--   If you know your parser must performs from 0 to 8 times:
--   
--   ``` repeat (Between Never (Other 8)) ```
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>This interface is still WIP* but went handy when writting the
--   IPv4/IPv6 parsers.</li>
--   </ul>
repeat :: Sequential input => Condition -> Parser input a -> Parser input [a]
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Parser.Condition
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Parser.Count
instance GHC.Classes.Ord input => GHC.Classes.Ord (Foundation.Parser.ParserError input)
instance GHC.Classes.Eq input => GHC.Classes.Eq (Foundation.Parser.ParserError input)
instance GHC.Show.Show input => GHC.Show.Show (Foundation.Parser.ParserError input)
instance (GHC.Show.Show input, Data.Typeable.Internal.Typeable input) => GHC.Exception.Exception (Foundation.Parser.ParserError input)
instance (GHC.Show.Show ba, GHC.Show.Show a) => GHC.Show.Show (Foundation.Parser.Result ba a)
instance GHC.Base.Functor (Foundation.Parser.Parser input)
instance GHC.Base.Applicative (Foundation.Parser.Parser input)
instance GHC.Base.Monad (Foundation.Parser.Parser input)
instance GHC.Base.MonadPlus (Foundation.Parser.Parser input)
instance GHC.Base.Alternative (Foundation.Parser.Parser input)
instance GHC.Enum.Enum Foundation.Parser.Count


-- | A AsciiString type backed by a <tt>ASCII</tt> encoded byte array and
--   all the necessary functions to manipulate the string.
--   
--   The recommended type is <a>AsciiString</a> from <a>UTF8</a>
module Foundation.String.ASCII

-- | Opaque packed array of characters in the ASCII encoding
data AsciiString
create :: PrimMonad prim => CountOf CUChar -> (MutableAsciiString (PrimState prim) -> prim (Offset CUChar)) -> prim AsciiString
replicate :: CountOf CUChar -> CUChar -> AsciiString

-- | Convert a Byte Array representing UTF8 data directly to a string
--   without checking for UTF8 validity
--   
--   If the input contains invalid sequences, it will trigger runtime async
--   errors when processing data.
--   
--   In doubt, use <tt>fromBytes</tt>
fromBytesUnsafe :: UArray CUChar -> AsciiString
toBytes :: AsciiString -> UArray CUChar

-- | Copy the AsciiString
copy :: AsciiString -> AsciiString
lines :: AsciiString -> [AsciiString]
words :: AsciiString -> [AsciiString]
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance GHC.Base.Monoid Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance Data.String.IsString Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance GHC.Exts.IsList Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance Foundation.Collection.InnerFunctor.InnerFunctor Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance Foundation.Collection.Collection.Collection Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance Foundation.Collection.Sequential.Sequential Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString
instance Foundation.Collection.Zippable.Zippable Foundation.String.ASCII.AsciiString

module Foundation.Conduit.Textual

-- | Split conduit of string to its lines
--   
--   This is very similar to Prelude lines except it work directly on
--   Conduit
--   
--   Note that if the newline character is not coming, this function will
--   keep accumulating data until OOM
lines :: Monad m => Conduit String String m ()
words :: Monad m => Conduit String String m ()
fromBytes :: MonadThrow m => Encoding -> Conduit (UArray Word8) String m ()
toBytes :: Monad m => Encoding -> Conduit String (UArray Word8) m ()


module Foundation.IO.Terminal

-- | Print a string with a newline to standard output
putStrLn :: String -> IO ()

-- | Print a string to standard output
putStr :: String -> IO ()

-- | A handle managing input from the Haskell program's standard input
--   channel.
stdin :: Handle

-- | A handle managing output to the Haskell program's standard output
--   channel.
stdout :: Handle

-- | Get the arguments from the terminal command
getArgs :: IO [String]

-- | The computation <a>exitFailure</a> is equivalent to <a>exitWith</a>
--   <tt>(</tt><a>ExitFailure</a> <i>exitfail</i><tt>)</tt>, where
--   <i>exitfail</i> is implementation-dependent.
exitFailure :: IO a

-- | The computation <a>exitSuccess</a> is equivalent to <a>exitWith</a>
--   <a>ExitSuccess</a>, It terminates the program successfully.
exitSuccess :: IO a


-- | An implementation of a timing framework
module Foundation.Time.Types

-- | An amount of nanoseconds
newtype NanoSeconds
NanoSeconds :: Word64 -> NanoSeconds

-- | An amount of nanoseconds
newtype Seconds
Seconds :: Word64 -> Seconds
instance GHC.Enum.Bounded Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance GHC.Enum.Enum Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance Foundation.Numerical.Additive.Additive Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds
instance GHC.Enum.Bounded Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance GHC.Enum.Enum Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance Foundation.Numerical.Additive.Additive Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance Foundation.Primitive.Types.PrimType Foundation.Time.Types.NanoSeconds
instance Foundation.Primitive.Types.PrimType Foundation.Time.Types.Seconds

module Foundation.Time.Bindings
measuringNanoSeconds :: IO a -> IO (a, NanoSeconds)
getMonotonicTime :: IO (Seconds, NanoSeconds)

module Foundation.Time.StopWatch

-- | A precise stop watch
--   
--   The precision is higher than a normal stopwatch, but also on some
--   system it might not be able to record longer period of time accurately
--   (possibly wrapping)
data StopWatchPrecise

-- | Create a new precise stop watch
--   
--   record the time at start of call
startPrecise :: IO StopWatchPrecise

-- | Get the number of nano seconds since the call to <a>startPrecise</a>
stopPrecise :: StopWatchPrecise -> IO NanoSeconds


-- | An implementation of a timing framework
module Foundation.Timing
data Timing
Timing :: !NanoSeconds -> !(Maybe Int64) -> Timing
[timeDiff] :: Timing -> !NanoSeconds
[timeBytesAllocated] :: Timing -> !(Maybe Int64)
data Measure
Measure :: UArray NanoSeconds -> Word -> Measure
[measurements] :: Measure -> UArray NanoSeconds
[iters] :: Measure -> Word

-- | Simple one-time measurement of time &amp; other metrics spent in a
--   function
stopWatch :: (a -> b) -> a -> IO Timing

-- | In depth timing &amp; other metrics analysis of a function
measure :: Word -> (a -> b) -> a -> IO Measure


-- | An implementation of a timing framework
module Foundation.Timing.Main
defaultMain :: TimingPlan () -> IO ()
instance GHC.Base.Monad Foundation.Timing.Main.TimingPlan
instance GHC.Base.Applicative Foundation.Timing.Main.TimingPlan
instance GHC.Base.Functor Foundation.Timing.Main.TimingPlan


-- | Simple Array and Almost-Array-like data structure
--   
--   Generally accessible in o(1)
module Foundation.Array

-- | Array of a
data Array a

-- | Mutable Array of a
data MArray a st

-- | An array of type built on top of GHC primitive.
--   
--   The elements need to have fixed sized and the representation is a
--   packed contiguous array in memory that can easily be passed to foreign
--   interface
data UArray ty

-- | A Mutable array of types built on top of GHC primitive.
--   
--   Element in this array can be modified in place.
data MUArray ty st
data ChunkedUArray ty
data Bitmap
data MutableBitmap st

-- | Represent the accessor for types that can be stored in the UArray and
--   MUArray.
--   
--   Types need to be a instance of storable and have fixed sized.
class Eq ty => PrimType ty

-- | Exception during an operation accessing the vector out of bound
--   
--   Represent the type of operation, the index accessed, and the total
--   length of the vector.
data OutOfBound


-- | IPv4 data type
module Foundation.Network.IPv4

-- | IPv4 data type
data IPv4

-- | "0.0.0.0"
any :: IPv4

-- | "127.0.0.1"
loopback :: IPv4
fromString :: IsString a => String -> a
toString :: IPv4 -> String
fromTuple :: (Word8, Word8, Word8, Word8) -> IPv4
toTuple :: IPv4 -> (Word8, Word8, Word8, Word8)

-- | Parse a IPv4 address
ipv4Parser :: (Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input IPv4
instance Foundation.Hashing.Hashable.Hashable Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance Foundation.Primitive.NormalForm.NormalForm Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance Data.String.IsString Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed Foundation.Network.IPv4.IPv4


-- | IPv6 data type
module Foundation.Network.IPv6

-- | IPv6 data type
data IPv6

-- | equivalent to `::`
any :: IPv6

-- | equivalent to `::1`
loopback :: IPv6
fromString :: IsString a => String -> a

-- | serialise to human readable IPv6
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; toString (fromString "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" :: IPv6)
--   </pre>
toString :: IPv6 -> String

-- | create an IPv6 from the given tuple
fromTuple :: (Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16) -> IPv6

-- | decompose an IPv6 into a tuple
toTuple :: IPv6 -> (Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16, Word16)

-- | IPv6 Parser as described in RFC4291
--   
--   for more details:
--   <a>https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291.html#section-2.2</a>
--   
--   which is exactly:
--   
--   ``` ipv6ParserPreferred <a>|</a> ipv6ParserIPv4Embedded <a>|</a>
--   ipv6ParserCompressed ```
ipv6Parser :: (Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input IPv6

-- | IPv6 parser as described in RFC4291 section 2.2.1
--   
--   The preferred form is x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x, where the <tt>x</tt>s are one
--   to four hexadecimal digits of the eight 16-bit pieces of the address.
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>`ABCD:EF01:2345:6789:ABCD:EF01:2345:6789`</li>
--   <li>`2001:DB8:0:0:8:800:200C:417A`</li>
--   </ul>
ipv6ParserPreferred :: (Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input IPv6

-- | IPv6 parser as described in RFC4291 section 2.2.2
--   
--   The use of "::" indicates one or more groups of 16 bits of zeros. The
--   "::" can only appear once in an address. The "::" can also be used to
--   compress leading or trailing zeros in an address.
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>`2001:DB8::8:800:200C:417A`</li>
--   <li>`FF01::101`</li>
--   <li>`::1`</li>
--   <li>`::`</li>
--   </ul>
ipv6ParserCompressed :: (Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input IPv6

-- | IPv6 address with embedded IPv4 address
--   
--   when dealing with a mixed environment of IPv4 and IPv6 nodes is
--   x:x:x:x:x:x:d.d.d.d, where the <tt>x</tt>s are the hexadecimal values
--   of the six high-order 16-bit pieces of the address, and the
--   <tt>d</tt>s are the decimal values of the four low-order 8-bit pieces
--   of the address (standard IPv4 representation).
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>`0:0:0:0:0:0:13.1.68.3`</li>
--   <li>`0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:129.144.52.38`</li>
--   <li>`::13.1.68.3`</li>
--   <li>`::FFFF:129.144.52.38`</li>
--   </ul>
ipv6ParserIpv4Embedded :: (Sequential input, Element input ~ Char) => Parser input IPv6
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance Foundation.Primitive.NormalForm.NormalForm Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance Foundation.Hashing.Hashable.Hashable Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance Data.String.IsString Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed Foundation.Network.IPv6.IPv6

module Foundation.UUID
data UUID
UUID :: {-# UNPACK #-} !Word64 -> {-# UNPACK #-} !Word64 -> UUID
nil :: UUID
fromBinary :: UArray Word8 -> Maybe UUID
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance Foundation.Primitive.NormalForm.NormalForm Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance Foundation.Hashing.Hashable.Hashable Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.Storable Foundation.UUID.UUID
instance Foundation.Class.Storable.StorableFixed Foundation.UUID.UUID


module Foundation.Hashing

-- | Type with the ability to be hashed
--   
--   Hashable doesn't have any specific rules, and it's made for raw speed.
--   More specifically don't expect different type representing the same
--   data to hash to the same value
--   
--   <pre>
--   hashMix (1 :: Integer) /= hashMix (1 :: Word8)
--   </pre>
--   
--   True
class Hashable a
hashMix :: (Hashable a, Hasher st) => a -> st -> st

-- | Incremental Hashing state. Represent an hashing algorithm
--   
--   the base primitive of this class is <a>hashMix8</a>, append mix a
--   Word8 in the state
--   
--   The class allow to define faster mixing function that works on bigger
--   Word size and any unboxed array of any PrimType elements
class Hasher st where hashMix16 w st = hashMix8 w2 $ hashMix8 w1 st where (# !w1, !w2 #) = unWord16 w hashMix32 w st = hashMix8 w4 $ hashMix8 w3 $ hashMix8 w2 $ hashMix8 w1 st where (# !w1, !w2, !w3, !w4 #) = unWord32 w hashMix64 w st = hashMix32 w2 $ hashMix32 w1 st where (# !w1, !w2 #) = unWord64_32 w hashMixBytes ba st = foldl' (flip hashMix8) st (unsafeRecast ba)

-- | FNV1 32 bit state
data FNV1_32

-- | FNV1 64 bit state
data FNV1_64

-- | FNV1a 32 bit state
data FNV1a_32

-- | FNV1a 64 bit state
data FNV1a_64

-- | Sip State 1-3 (1 compression rounds, 3 digest rounds)
data Sip1_3

-- | Sip State 2-4 (2 compression rounds, 4 digest rounds)
data Sip2_4


-- | This module deals with the random subsystem abstractions.
--   
--   It provide 2 different set of abstractions:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>The first abstraction that allow a monad to generate random
--   through the <a>MonadRandom</a> class.</li>
--   <li>The second abstraction to make generic random generator
--   <a>RandomGen</a> and a small State monad like wrapper
--   <a>MonadRandomState</a> to abstract a generator.</li>
--   </ul>
module Foundation.Random

-- | A monad constraint that allows to generate random bytes
class (Functor m, Applicative m, Monad m) => MonadRandom m
getRandomBytes :: MonadRandom m => CountOf Word8 -> m (UArray Word8)

-- | A simple Monad class very similar to a State Monad with the state
--   being a RandomGenerator.
newtype MonadRandomState gen a
MonadRandomState :: (gen -> (a, gen)) -> MonadRandomState gen a
[runRandomState] :: MonadRandomState gen a -> gen -> (a, gen)

-- | A Deterministic Random Generator (DRG) class
class RandomGen gen

-- | Initialize a new random generator
randomNew :: (RandomGen gen, MonadRandom m) => m gen

-- | Initialize a new random generator from a binary seed.
--   
--   If <a>Nothing</a> is returned, then the data is not acceptable for
--   creating a new random generator.
randomNewFrom :: RandomGen gen => UArray Word8 -> Maybe gen

-- | Generate N bytes of randomness from a DRG
randomGenerate :: RandomGen gen => CountOf Word8 -> gen -> (UArray Word8, gen)
getRandomPrimType :: forall randomly ty. (PrimType ty, MonadRandom randomly) => randomly ty

-- | Run a pure computation with a Random Generator in the
--   <a>MonadRandomState</a>
withRandomGenerator :: RandomGen gen => gen -> MonadRandomState gen a -> (a, gen)

-- | An alias to the default choice of deterministic random number
--   generator
--   
--   Unless, you want to have the stability of a specific random number
--   generator, e.g. for tests purpose, it's recommended to use this alias
--   so that you would keep up to date with possible bugfixes, or change of
--   algorithms.
type RNG = RNGv1

-- | RNG based on ChaCha core.
--   
--   The algorithm is identical to the arc4random found in recent BSDs,
--   namely a ChaCha core provide 64 bytes of random from 32 bytes of key.
data RNGv1
instance Foundation.Random.MonadRandom GHC.Types.IO
instance GHC.Base.Functor (Foundation.Random.MonadRandomState gen)
instance GHC.Base.Applicative (Foundation.Random.MonadRandomState gen)
instance GHC.Base.Monad (Foundation.Random.MonadRandomState gen)
instance Foundation.Random.RandomGen gen => Foundation.Random.MonadRandom (Foundation.Random.MonadRandomState gen)
instance Foundation.Random.RandomGen Foundation.Random.RNGv1


-- | An implementation of a test framework and property expression &amp;
--   testing
module Foundation.Check

-- | Generator monad
data Gen a

-- | How to generate an arbitrary value for <tt>a</tt>
class Arbitrary a
arbitrary :: Arbitrary a => Gen a
oneof :: NonEmpty [Gen a] -> Gen a
elements :: NonEmpty [a] -> Gen a

-- | Call one of the generator weighted
frequency :: NonEmpty [(Word, Gen a)] -> Gen a
between :: (Word, Word) -> Gen Word

-- | different type of tests supported
data Test
[Unit] :: String -> IO () -> Test
[Property] :: IsProperty prop => String -> prop -> Test
[Group] :: String -> [Test] -> Test
[CheckPlan] :: String -> Check () -> Test

-- | Name of a test
testName :: Test -> String

-- | The type of check this test did for a property
data PropertyCheck
data Property
Prop :: Gen PropertyTestArg -> Property
[unProp] :: Property -> Gen PropertyTestArg
class IsProperty p
property :: IsProperty p => p -> Property

-- | A property that check for equality of its 2 members.
(===) :: (Show a, Eq a, Typeable a) => a -> a -> PropertyCheck
infix 4 ===

-- | A property that check for a specific comparaison of its 2 members.
--   
--   This is equivalent to <a>===</a> but with <a>compare</a>
propertyCompare :: (Show a, Typeable a) => String -> (a -> a -> Bool) -> a -> a -> PropertyCheck

-- | A conjuctive property composed of 2 properties that need to pass
propertyAnd :: PropertyCheck -> PropertyCheck -> PropertyCheck
propertyFail :: String -> PropertyCheck

-- | Running a generator for a specific type under a property
forAll :: (Show a, IsProperty prop) => Gen a -> (a -> prop) -> Property
data Check a
validate :: IsProperty prop => String -> prop -> Check ()
pick :: String -> IO a -> Check a
iterateProperty :: CountOf TestResult -> GenParams -> (Word64 -> GenRng) -> Property -> IO (PropertyResult, CountOf TestResult)


-- | An application to check that integrate with the .cabal test-suite
module Foundation.Check.Main

-- | Run tests
defaultMain :: Test -> IO ()
instance Control.Monad.IO.Class.MonadIO Foundation.Check.Main.CheckMain
instance GHC.Base.Monad Foundation.Check.Main.CheckMain
instance GHC.Base.Applicative Foundation.Check.Main.CheckMain
instance GHC.Base.Functor Foundation.Check.Main.CheckMain
instance Foundation.Monad.State.MonadState Foundation.Check.Main.CheckMain


-- | # Opaque implementation for FilePath
--   
--   The underlying type of a FilePath is a <a>ByteArray</a>. It is indeed
--   like this because for some systems (Unix systems) a <a>FilePath</a> is
--   a null terminated array of bytes.
--   
--   # FilePath and FileName for type checking validation
--   
--   In order to add some constraint at compile time, it is not possible to
--   append (<a>&lt;/&gt;</a>) a <a>FilePath</a> to another
--   <a>FilePath</a>. You can only append (<a>&lt;/&gt;</a>) a
--   <a>FileName</a> to a given <a>FilePath</a>.
module Foundation.VFS.FilePath

-- | FilePath is a collection of FileName
--   
--   TODO: Eq and Ord are implemented using Show This is not very efficient
--   and would need to be improved Also, it is possible the ordering is not
--   necessary what we want in this case.
--   
--   A FilePath is one of the following:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>An Absolute:</li>
--   <li>starts with one of the follwing "/"</li>
--   <li>A relative:</li>
--   <li>don't start with a "/"</li>
--   <li>authorised:</li>
--   <li>"/"</li>
--   <li>"<i>file</i>path"</li>
--   <li>"."</li>
--   <li>".."</li>
--   <li>"work<i>haskell</i>hs-foundation"</li>
--   <li>unauthorised</li>
--   <li>"path//"</li>
--   </ul>
data FilePath

-- | information about type of FilePath
--   
--   A file path being only <a>Relative</a> or <a>Absolute</a>.
data Relativity
Absolute :: Relativity
Relative :: Relativity

-- | A filename (or path entity) in the FilePath
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>Authorised</li>
--   <li>""</li>
--   <li>"."</li>
--   <li>".."</li>
--   <li>"foundation"</li>
--   <li>Unauthorised</li>
--   <li>"/"</li>
--   <li>"file/"</li>
--   <li>"/file"</li>
--   <li>"file/path"</li>
--   </ul>
data FileName
filePathToString :: FilePath -> String

-- | conversion of a FilePath into a list of Char
--   
--   this function may throw exceptions
filePathToLString :: FilePath -> [Char]

-- | build a file path from a given list of filename
--   
--   this is unsafe and is mainly needed for testing purpose
unsafeFilePath :: Relativity -> [FileName] -> FilePath

-- | build a file name from a given ByteArray
--   
--   this is unsafe and is mainly needed for testing purpose
unsafeFileName :: UArray Word8 -> FileName
extension :: FileName -> Maybe FileName
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName_Invalid
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath_Invalid
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.VFS.FilePath.Relativity
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.VFS.FilePath.Relativity
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath
instance GHC.Classes.Eq Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath
instance GHC.Classes.Ord Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath
instance GHC.Exception.Exception Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath_Invalid
instance Data.String.IsString Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath
instance GHC.Exception.Exception Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName_Invalid
instance GHC.Show.Show Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName
instance Data.String.IsString Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName
instance GHC.Base.Monoid Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FileName
instance Foundation.VFS.Path.Path Foundation.VFS.FilePath.FilePath


module Foundation.VFS

-- | Path type class
--   
--   defines the Path associated types and basic functions to implement
--   related to the path manipulation
--   
--   # TODO, add missing enhancement:
--   
--   <pre>
--   splitExtension :: PathEnt path -&gt; (PathEnt path, PathEnt path)
--   addExtension  :: PathEnt path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; PathEnt path
--   (<a>.</a>) :: path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; path
--   (-<a>.</a>) :: path -&gt; PathEnt path -&gt; path
--   </pre>
class Path path where type PathEnt path type PathPrefix path type PathSuffix path where {
    type family PathEnt path;
    type family PathPrefix path;
    type family PathSuffix path;
}

-- | join a path entity to a given path
(</>) :: Path path => path -> PathEnt path -> path

-- | split the path into the associated elements
splitPath :: Path path => path -> (PathPrefix path, [PathEnt path], PathSuffix path)

-- | build the path from the associated elements
buildPath :: Path path => (PathPrefix path, [PathEnt path], PathSuffix path) -> path

-- | get the filename of the given path
--   
--   If there is no filename, you will receive the <a>mempty</a> of the
--   <a>PathEnt</a>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; filename ("foo.hs" :: FilePath)
--   foo.hs
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; filename ("foo/bar/baz.hs" :: FilePath)
--   baz.hs
--   </pre>
filename :: (Path path, Monoid (PathEnt path)) => path -> PathEnt path

-- | parent is only going to drop the filename.
--   
--   if you actually want to reference to the parent directory, simply
--   uses:
--   
--   <pre>
--   parent "." <i>= "." &lt;</i>&gt; ".."
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parent ("foo.hs" :: FilePath)
--   .
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parent ("foo/bar/baz.hs" :: FilePath)
--   foo/bar
--   </pre>
parent :: Path path => path -> path

-- | get the path prefix information
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; prefix ("/home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   Absolute
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; prefix ("home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   Relative
--   </pre>
--   
--   or for URI (TODO, not yet accurate)
--   
--   <pre>
--   prefix "<a>http://github.com/vincenthz/hs-foundation?w=1"</a>
--      == URISchema http Nothing Nothing "github.com" Nothing
--   </pre>
prefix :: Path path => path -> PathPrefix path

-- | get the path suffix information
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; suffix ("/home/tab" :: FilePath)
--   ()
--   </pre>
--   
--   or for URI (TODO, not yet accurate)
--   
--   <pre>
--   suffix "<a>http://github.com/vincenthz/hs-foundation?w=1"</a>
--      == URISuffix (["w", "1"], Nothing)
--   </pre>
suffix :: Path path => path -> PathSuffix path

-- | FilePath is a collection of FileName
--   
--   TODO: Eq and Ord are implemented using Show This is not very efficient
--   and would need to be improved Also, it is possible the ordering is not
--   necessary what we want in this case.
--   
--   A FilePath is one of the following:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>An Absolute:</li>
--   <li>starts with one of the follwing "/"</li>
--   <li>A relative:</li>
--   <li>don't start with a "/"</li>
--   <li>authorised:</li>
--   <li>"/"</li>
--   <li>"<i>file</i>path"</li>
--   <li>"."</li>
--   <li>".."</li>
--   <li>"work<i>haskell</i>hs-foundation"</li>
--   <li>unauthorised</li>
--   <li>"path//"</li>
--   </ul>
data FilePath

-- | A filename (or path entity) in the FilePath
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>Authorised</li>
--   <li>""</li>
--   <li>"."</li>
--   <li>".."</li>
--   <li>"foundation"</li>
--   <li>Unauthorised</li>
--   <li>"/"</li>
--   <li>"file/"</li>
--   <li>"/file"</li>
--   <li>"file/path"</li>
--   </ul>
data FileName
filePathToString :: FilePath -> String

-- | conversion of a FilePath into a list of Char
--   
--   this function may throw exceptions
filePathToLString :: FilePath -> [Char]


-- | IO Routine
module Foundation.IO

-- | Print a string with a newline to standard output
putStrLn :: String -> IO ()

-- | Print a string to standard output
putStr :: String -> IO ()

-- | A handle managing input from the Haskell program's standard input
--   channel.
stdin :: Handle

-- | A handle managing output to the Haskell program's standard output
--   channel.
stdout :: Handle

-- | See <a>openFile</a>
data IOMode :: *
ReadMode :: IOMode
WriteMode :: IOMode
AppendMode :: IOMode
ReadWriteMode :: IOMode

-- | list the file name in the given FilePath directory
--   
--   TODO: error management and not implemented yet getDirectory ::
--   FilePath -&gt; IO [FileName] getDirectory = undefined
--   
--   Open a new handle on the file
openFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> IO Handle

-- | Close a handle
closeFile :: Handle -> IO ()

-- | <tt><a>withFile</a> filepath mode act</tt> opens a file using the
--   mode<tt> and run act</tt>. the by-product handle will be closed when
--   act finish, either normally or through an exception.
--   
--   The value returned is the result of act@
withFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> (Handle -> IO r) -> IO r

-- | Read binary data directly from the specified <a>Handle</a>.
--   
--   First argument is the Handle to read from, and the second is the
--   number of bytes to read. It returns the bytes read, up to the
--   specified size, or an empty array if EOF has been reached.
--   
--   <a>hGet</a> is implemented in terms of <tt>hGetBuf</tt>.
hGet :: Handle -> Int -> IO (UArray Word8)
hPut :: Handle -> (UArray Word8) -> IO ()

-- | Read a binary file and return the whole content in one contiguous
--   buffer.
readFile :: FilePath -> IO (UArray Word8)

-- | Fold over chunks file calling the callback function for each chunks
--   read from the file, until the end of file.

-- | <i>Deprecated: use conduit instead</i>
foldTextFile :: (String -> a -> IO a) -> a -> FilePath -> IO a


-- | Note that the memory mapping is handled by the system, not at the
--   haskell level. The system can modify the content of the memory as any
--   moment under your feet.
--   
--   It also have the limitation of your system, no emulation or nice
--   handling of all those corners cases is attempted here.
--   
--   for example mapping a large file (&gt; 4G), on a 32 bits system is
--   likely to just fail or returns inconsistent result.
--   
--   In doubt, use <tt>readFile</tt> or other simple routine that brings
--   the content of the file in IO.
module Foundation.IO.FileMap

-- | Map in memory the whole content of a file.
--   
--   Once the array goes out of scope, the memory get (eventually) unmap
fileMapRead :: FilePath -> IO (UArray Word8)

-- | Map in memory the whole content of a file,
fileMapReadWith :: FilePath -> (UArray Word8 -> IO a) -> IO a


-- | I tried to picture clusters of information As they moved through the
--   computer What do they look like?
--   
--   Alternative Prelude
module Foundation

-- | Application operator. This operator is redundant, since ordinary
--   application <tt>(f x)</tt> means the same as <tt>(f <a>$</a> x)</tt>.
--   However, <a>$</a> has low, right-associative binding precedence, so it
--   sometimes allows parentheses to be omitted; for example:
--   
--   <pre>
--   f $ g $ h x  =  f (g (h x))
--   </pre>
--   
--   It is also useful in higher-order situations, such as <tt><a>map</a>
--   (<a>$</a> 0) xs</tt>, or <tt><a>zipWith</a> (<a>$</a>) fs xs</tt>.
($) :: (a -> b) -> a -> b
infixr 0 $

-- | Strict (call-by-value) application operator. It takes a function and
--   an argument, evaluates the argument to weak head normal form (WHNF),
--   then calls the function with that value.
($!) :: (a -> b) -> a -> b
infixr 0 $!

-- | Boolean "and"
(&&) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
infixr 3 &&

-- | Boolean "or"
(||) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
infixr 2 ||

-- | morphism composition
(.) :: Category k cat => forall (b :: k) (c :: k) (a :: k). cat b c -> cat a b -> cat a c

-- | Boolean "not"
not :: Bool -> Bool

-- | <a>otherwise</a> is defined as the value <a>True</a>. It helps to make
--   guards more readable. eg.
--   
--   <pre>
--   f x | x &lt; 0     = ...
--       | otherwise = ...
--   </pre>
otherwise :: Bool

-- | Strict tuple (a,b)
data Tuple2 a b
Tuple2 :: !a -> !b -> Tuple2 a b

-- | Strict tuple (a,b,c)
data Tuple3 a b c
Tuple3 :: !a -> !b -> !c -> Tuple3 a b c

-- | Strict tuple (a,b,c,d)
data Tuple4 a b c d
Tuple4 :: !a -> !b -> !c -> !d -> Tuple4 a b c d

-- | Class of product types that have a first element
class Fstable a where type ProductFirst a where {
    type family ProductFirst a;
}
fst :: Fstable a => a -> ProductFirst a

-- | Class of product types that have a second element
class Sndable a where type ProductSecond a where {
    type family ProductSecond a;
}
snd :: Sndable a => a -> ProductSecond a

-- | Class of product types that have a third element
class Thdable a where type ProductThird a where {
    type family ProductThird a;
}
thd :: Thdable a => a -> ProductThird a

-- | the identity morphism
id :: Category k cat => forall (a :: k). cat a a

-- | The <a>maybe</a> function takes a default value, a function, and a
--   <a>Maybe</a> value. If the <a>Maybe</a> value is <a>Nothing</a>, the
--   function returns the default value. Otherwise, it applies the function
--   to the value inside the <a>Just</a> and returns the result.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe False odd (Just 3)
--   True
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe False odd Nothing
--   False
--   </pre>
--   
--   Read an integer from a string using <tt>readMaybe</tt>. If we succeed,
--   return twice the integer; that is, apply <tt>(*2)</tt> to it. If
--   instead we fail to parse an integer, return <tt>0</tt> by default:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe 0 (*2) (readMaybe "5")
--   10
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe 0 (*2) (readMaybe "")
--   0
--   </pre>
--   
--   Apply <tt>show</tt> to a <tt>Maybe Int</tt>. If we have <tt>Just
--   n</tt>, we want to show the underlying <a>Int</a> <tt>n</tt>. But if
--   we have <a>Nothing</a>, we return the empty string instead of (for
--   example) "Nothing":
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe "" show (Just 5)
--   "5"
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybe "" show Nothing
--   ""
--   </pre>
maybe :: b -> (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> b

-- | Case analysis for the <a>Either</a> type. If the value is
--   <tt><a>Left</a> a</tt>, apply the first function to <tt>a</tt>; if it
--   is <tt><a>Right</a> b</tt>, apply the second function to <tt>b</tt>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   We create two values of type <tt><a>Either</a> <a>String</a>
--   <a>Int</a></tt>, one using the <a>Left</a> constructor and another
--   using the <a>Right</a> constructor. Then we apply "either" the
--   <tt>length</tt> function (if we have a <a>String</a>) or the
--   "times-two" function (if we have an <a>Int</a>):
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; either length (*2) s
--   3
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; either length (*2) n
--   6
--   </pre>
either :: (a -> c) -> (b -> c) -> Either a b -> c

-- | <tt><a>flip</a> f</tt> takes its (first) two arguments in the reverse
--   order of <tt>f</tt>.
flip :: (a -> b -> c) -> b -> a -> c

-- | <tt>const x</tt> is a unary function which evaluates to <tt>x</tt> for
--   all inputs.
--   
--   For instance,
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; map (const 42) [0..3]
--   [42,42,42,42]
--   </pre>
const :: a -> b -> a

-- | stop execution and displays an error message
error :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep). forall (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => String -> a

-- | Print a string to standard output
putStr :: String -> IO ()

-- | Print a string with a newline to standard output
putStrLn :: String -> IO ()

-- | Returns a list of the program's command line arguments (not including
--   the program name).
getArgs :: IO [String]

-- | <a>uncurry</a> converts a curried function to a function on pairs.
uncurry :: (a -> b -> c) -> (a, b) -> c

-- | <a>curry</a> converts an uncurried function to a curried function.
curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c

-- | Swap the components of a pair.
swap :: (a, b) -> (b, a)

-- | <tt><a>until</a> p f</tt> yields the result of applying <tt>f</tt>
--   until <tt>p</tt> holds.
until :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> a) -> a -> a

-- | <a>asTypeOf</a> is a type-restricted version of <a>const</a>. It is
--   usually used as an infix operator, and its typing forces its first
--   argument (which is usually overloaded) to have the same type as the
--   second.
asTypeOf :: a -> a -> a

-- | A special case of <a>error</a>. It is expected that compilers will
--   recognize this and insert error messages which are more appropriate to
--   the context in which <a>undefined</a> appears.
undefined :: HasCallStack => a

-- | The value of <tt>seq a b</tt> is bottom if <tt>a</tt> is bottom, and
--   otherwise equal to <tt>b</tt>. <tt>seq</tt> is usually introduced to
--   improve performance by avoiding unneeded laziness.
--   
--   A note on evaluation order: the expression <tt>seq a b</tt> does
--   <i>not</i> guarantee that <tt>a</tt> will be evaluated before
--   <tt>b</tt>. The only guarantee given by <tt>seq</tt> is that the both
--   <tt>a</tt> and <tt>b</tt> will be evaluated before <tt>seq</tt>
--   returns a value. In particular, this means that <tt>b</tt> may be
--   evaluated before <tt>a</tt>. If you need to guarantee a specific order
--   of evaluation, you must use the function <tt>pseq</tt> from the
--   "parallel" package.
seq :: a -> b -> b

-- | Data that can be fully evaluated in Normal Form
class NormalForm a
deepseq :: NormalForm a => a -> b -> b
force :: NormalForm a => a -> a

-- | Conversion of values to readable <a>String</a>s.
--   
--   Derived instances of <a>Show</a> have the following properties, which
--   are compatible with derived instances of <a>Read</a>:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>The result of <a>show</a> is a syntactically correct Haskell
--   expression containing only constants, given the fixity declarations in
--   force at the point where the type is declared. It contains only the
--   constructor names defined in the data type, parentheses, and spaces.
--   When labelled constructor fields are used, braces, commas, field
--   names, and equal signs are also used.</li>
--   <li>If the constructor is defined to be an infix operator, then
--   <a>showsPrec</a> will produce infix applications of the
--   constructor.</li>
--   <li>the representation will be enclosed in parentheses if the
--   precedence of the top-level constructor in <tt>x</tt> is less than
--   <tt>d</tt> (associativity is ignored). Thus, if <tt>d</tt> is
--   <tt>0</tt> then the result is never surrounded in parentheses; if
--   <tt>d</tt> is <tt>11</tt> it is always surrounded in parentheses,
--   unless it is an atomic expression.</li>
--   <li>If the constructor is defined using record syntax, then
--   <a>show</a> will produce the record-syntax form, with the fields given
--   in the same order as the original declaration.</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   For example, given the declarations
--   
--   <pre>
--   infixr 5 :^:
--   data Tree a =  Leaf a  |  Tree a :^: Tree a
--   </pre>
--   
--   the derived instance of <a>Show</a> is equivalent to
--   
--   <pre>
--   instance (Show a) =&gt; Show (Tree a) where
--   
--          showsPrec d (Leaf m) = showParen (d &gt; app_prec) $
--               showString "Leaf " . showsPrec (app_prec+1) m
--            where app_prec = 10
--   
--          showsPrec d (u :^: v) = showParen (d &gt; up_prec) $
--               showsPrec (up_prec+1) u .
--               showString " :^: "      .
--               showsPrec (up_prec+1) v
--            where up_prec = 5
--   </pre>
--   
--   Note that right-associativity of <tt>:^:</tt> is ignored. For example,
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><tt><a>show</a> (Leaf 1 :^: Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3)</tt> produces the
--   string <tt>"Leaf 1 :^: (Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3)"</tt>.</li>
--   </ul>
class Show a

-- | Use the Show class to create a String.
--   
--   Note that this is not efficient, since an intermediate [Char] is going
--   to be created before turning into a real String.
show :: Show a => a -> String

-- | The <a>Ord</a> class is used for totally ordered datatypes.
--   
--   Instances of <a>Ord</a> can be derived for any user-defined datatype
--   whose constituent types are in <a>Ord</a>. The declared order of the
--   constructors in the data declaration determines the ordering in
--   derived <a>Ord</a> instances. The <a>Ordering</a> datatype allows a
--   single comparison to determine the precise ordering of two objects.
--   
--   Minimal complete definition: either <a>compare</a> or <a>&lt;=</a>.
--   Using <a>compare</a> can be more efficient for complex types.
class Eq a => Ord a
compare :: Ord a => a -> a -> Ordering
(<) :: Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
(<=) :: Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
(>) :: Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
(>=) :: Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
max :: Ord a => a -> a -> a
min :: Ord a => a -> a -> a

-- | The <a>Eq</a> class defines equality (<a>==</a>) and inequality
--   (<a>/=</a>). All the basic datatypes exported by the <a>Prelude</a>
--   are instances of <a>Eq</a>, and <a>Eq</a> may be derived for any
--   datatype whose constituents are also instances of <a>Eq</a>.
--   
--   Minimal complete definition: either <a>==</a> or <a>/=</a>.
class Eq a
(==) :: Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
(/=) :: Eq a => a -> a -> Bool

-- | The <a>Bounded</a> class is used to name the upper and lower limits of
--   a type. <a>Ord</a> is not a superclass of <a>Bounded</a> since types
--   that are not totally ordered may also have upper and lower bounds.
--   
--   The <a>Bounded</a> class may be derived for any enumeration type;
--   <a>minBound</a> is the first constructor listed in the <tt>data</tt>
--   declaration and <a>maxBound</a> is the last. <a>Bounded</a> may also
--   be derived for single-constructor datatypes whose constituent types
--   are in <a>Bounded</a>.
class Bounded a
minBound :: Bounded a => a
maxBound :: Bounded a => a

-- | Class <a>Enum</a> defines operations on sequentially ordered types.
--   
--   The <tt>enumFrom</tt>... methods are used in Haskell's translation of
--   arithmetic sequences.
--   
--   Instances of <a>Enum</a> may be derived for any enumeration type
--   (types whose constructors have no fields). The nullary constructors
--   are assumed to be numbered left-to-right by <a>fromEnum</a> from
--   <tt>0</tt> through <tt>n-1</tt>. See Chapter 10 of the <i>Haskell
--   Report</i> for more details.
--   
--   For any type that is an instance of class <a>Bounded</a> as well as
--   <a>Enum</a>, the following should hold:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>The calls <tt><a>succ</a> <a>maxBound</a></tt> and <tt><a>pred</a>
--   <a>minBound</a></tt> should result in a runtime error.</li>
--   <li><a>fromEnum</a> and <a>toEnum</a> should give a runtime error if
--   the result value is not representable in the result type. For example,
--   <tt><a>toEnum</a> 7 :: <a>Bool</a></tt> is an error.</li>
--   <li><a>enumFrom</a> and <a>enumFromThen</a> should be defined with an
--   implicit bound, thus:</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   <pre>
--   enumFrom     x   = enumFromTo     x maxBound
--   enumFromThen x y = enumFromThenTo x y bound
--     where
--       bound | fromEnum y &gt;= fromEnum x = maxBound
--             | otherwise                = minBound
--   </pre>
class Enum a

-- | the successor of a value. For numeric types, <a>succ</a> adds 1.
succ :: Enum a => a -> a

-- | the predecessor of a value. For numeric types, <a>pred</a> subtracts
--   1.
pred :: Enum a => a -> a

-- | Convert from an <a>Int</a>.
toEnum :: Enum a => Int -> a

-- | Convert to an <a>Int</a>. It is implementation-dependent what
--   <a>fromEnum</a> returns when applied to a value that is too large to
--   fit in an <a>Int</a>.
fromEnum :: Enum a => a -> Int

-- | Used in Haskell's translation of <tt>[n..]</tt>.
enumFrom :: Enum a => a -> [a]

-- | Used in Haskell's translation of <tt>[n,n'..]</tt>.
enumFromThen :: Enum a => a -> a -> [a]

-- | Used in Haskell's translation of <tt>[n..m]</tt>.
enumFromTo :: Enum a => a -> a -> [a]

-- | Used in Haskell's translation of <tt>[n,n'..m]</tt>.
enumFromThenTo :: Enum a => a -> a -> a -> [a]

-- | The <a>Functor</a> class is used for types that can be mapped over.
--   Instances of <a>Functor</a> should satisfy the following laws:
--   
--   <pre>
--   fmap id  ==  id
--   fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g
--   </pre>
--   
--   The instances of <a>Functor</a> for lists, <a>Maybe</a> and <a>IO</a>
--   satisfy these laws.
class Functor (f :: * -> *)
fmap :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

-- | Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default
--   definition is <tt><a>fmap</a> . <a>const</a></tt>, but this may be
--   overridden with a more efficient version.
(<$) :: Functor f => a -> f b -> f a

-- | Integral Literal support
--   
--   e.g. 123 :: Integer 123 :: Word8
class Integral a
fromInteger :: Integral a => Integer -> a

-- | Fractional Literal support
--   
--   e.g. 1.2 :: Double 0.03 :: Float
class Fractional a
fromRational :: Fractional a => Rational -> a

-- | Negation support
--   
--   e.g. -(f x)
class HasNegation a
negate :: HasNegation a => a -> a

-- | Formally, the class <a>Bifunctor</a> represents a bifunctor from
--   <tt>Hask</tt> -&gt; <tt>Hask</tt>.
--   
--   Intuitively it is a bifunctor where both the first and second
--   arguments are covariant.
--   
--   You can define a <a>Bifunctor</a> by either defining <a>bimap</a> or
--   by defining both <a>first</a> and <a>second</a>.
--   
--   If you supply <a>bimap</a>, you should ensure that:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> <a>id</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
--   
--   If you supply <a>first</a> and <a>second</a>, ensure:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>first</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   <a>second</a> <a>id</a> ≡ <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
--   
--   If you supply both, you should also ensure:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> f g ≡ <a>first</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
--   
--   These ensure by parametricity:
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a>  (f <a>.</a> g) (h <a>.</a> i) ≡ <a>bimap</a> f h <a>.</a> <a>bimap</a> g i
--   <a>first</a>  (f <a>.</a> g) ≡ <a>first</a>  f <a>.</a> <a>first</a>  g
--   <a>second</a> (f <a>.</a> g) ≡ <a>second</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
class Bifunctor (p :: * -> * -> *)

-- | Map over both arguments at the same time.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>bimap</a> f g ≡ <a>first</a> f <a>.</a> <a>second</a> g
--   </pre>
bimap :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d

-- | Map covariantly over the first argument.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>first</a> f ≡ <a>bimap</a> f <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
first :: Bifunctor p => (a -> b) -> p a c -> p b c

-- | Map covariantly over the second argument.
--   
--   <pre>
--   <a>second</a> ≡ <a>bimap</a> <a>id</a>
--   </pre>
second :: Bifunctor p => (b -> c) -> p a b -> p a c

-- | A functor with application, providing operations to
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li>embed pure expressions (<a>pure</a>), and</li>
--   <li>sequence computations and combine their results
--   (<a>&lt;*&gt;</a>).</li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   A minimal complete definition must include implementations of these
--   functions satisfying the following laws:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><i><i>identity</i></i> <pre><a>pure</a> <a>id</a> <a>&lt;*&gt;</a>
--   v = v</pre></li>
--   <li><i><i>composition</i></i> <pre><a>pure</a> (.) <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> u
--   <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> v <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> w = u <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> (v
--   <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> w)</pre></li>
--   <li><i><i>homomorphism</i></i> <pre><a>pure</a> f <a>&lt;*&gt;</a>
--   <a>pure</a> x = <a>pure</a> (f x)</pre></li>
--   <li><i><i>interchange</i></i> <pre>u <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> <a>pure</a> y =
--   <a>pure</a> (<a>$</a> y) <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> u</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   The other methods have the following default definitions, which may be
--   overridden with equivalent specialized implementations:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre>u <a>*&gt;</a> v = <a>pure</a> (<a>const</a> <a>id</a>)
--   <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> u <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> v</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>u <a>&lt;*</a> v = <a>pure</a> <a>const</a> <a>&lt;*&gt;</a>
--   u <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> v</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   As a consequence of these laws, the <a>Functor</a> instance for
--   <tt>f</tt> will satisfy
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>fmap</a> f x = <a>pure</a> f <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> x</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   If <tt>f</tt> is also a <a>Monad</a>, it should satisfy
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>pure</a> = <a>return</a></pre></li>
--   <li><pre>(<a>&lt;*&gt;</a>) = <a>ap</a></pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   (which implies that <a>pure</a> and <a>&lt;*&gt;</a> satisfy the
--   applicative functor laws).
class Functor f => Applicative (f :: * -> *)

-- | Lift a value.
pure :: Applicative f => a -> f a

-- | Sequential application.
(<*>) :: Applicative f => f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

-- | Sequence actions, discarding the value of the first argument.
(*>) :: Applicative f => f a -> f b -> f b

-- | Sequence actions, discarding the value of the second argument.
(<*) :: Applicative f => f a -> f b -> f a

-- | The <a>Monad</a> class defines the basic operations over a
--   <i>monad</i>, a concept from a branch of mathematics known as
--   <i>category theory</i>. From the perspective of a Haskell programmer,
--   however, it is best to think of a monad as an <i>abstract datatype</i>
--   of actions. Haskell's <tt>do</tt> expressions provide a convenient
--   syntax for writing monadic expressions.
--   
--   Instances of <a>Monad</a> should satisfy the following laws:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>return</a> a <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> k = k a</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>m <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> <a>return</a> = m</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>m <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> (\x -&gt; k x <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> h) = (m
--   <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> k) <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> h</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   Furthermore, the <a>Monad</a> and <a>Applicative</a> operations should
--   relate as follows:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>pure</a> = <a>return</a></pre></li>
--   <li><pre>(<a>&lt;*&gt;</a>) = <a>ap</a></pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   The above laws imply:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre><a>fmap</a> f xs = xs <a>&gt;&gt;=</a> <a>return</a> .
--   f</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>(<a>&gt;&gt;</a>) = (<a>*&gt;</a>)</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   and that <a>pure</a> and (<a>&lt;*&gt;</a>) satisfy the applicative
--   functor laws.
--   
--   The instances of <a>Monad</a> for lists, <a>Maybe</a> and <a>IO</a>
--   defined in the <a>Prelude</a> satisfy these laws.
class Applicative m => Monad (m :: * -> *)

-- | Sequentially compose two actions, passing any value produced by the
--   first as an argument to the second.
(>>=) :: Monad m => m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b

-- | Sequentially compose two actions, discarding any value produced by the
--   first, like sequencing operators (such as the semicolon) in imperative
--   languages.
(>>) :: Monad m => m a -> m b -> m b

-- | Inject a value into the monadic type.
return :: Monad m => a -> m a

-- | Fail with a message. This operation is not part of the mathematical
--   definition of a monad, but is invoked on pattern-match failure in a
--   <tt>do</tt> expression.
--   
--   As part of the MonadFail proposal (MFP), this function is moved to its
--   own class <tt>MonadFail</tt> (see <a>Control.Monad.Fail</a> for more
--   details). The definition here will be removed in a future release.
fail :: Monad m => String -> m a

-- | Same as <a>&gt;&gt;=</a>, but with the arguments interchanged.
(=<<) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> m a -> m b
infixr 1 =<<

-- | Class for string-like datastructures; used by the overloaded string
--   extension (-XOverloadedStrings in GHC).
class IsString a
fromString :: IsString a => String -> a

-- | The <a>IsList</a> class and its methods are intended to be used in
--   conjunction with the OverloadedLists extension.
class IsList l where type Item l :: * where {
    type family Item l :: *;
}

-- | The <a>fromList</a> function constructs the structure <tt>l</tt> from
--   the given list of <tt>Item l</tt>
fromList :: IsList l => [Item l] -> l

-- | The <a>fromListN</a> function takes the input list's length as a hint.
--   Its behaviour should be equivalent to <a>fromList</a>. The hint can be
--   used to construct the structure <tt>l</tt> more efficiently compared
--   to <a>fromList</a>. If the given hint does not equal to the input
--   list's length the behaviour of <a>fromListN</a> is not specified.
fromListN :: IsList l => Int -> [Item l] -> l

-- | The <a>toList</a> function extracts a list of <tt>Item l</tt> from the
--   structure <tt>l</tt>. It should satisfy fromList . toList = id.
toList :: IsList l => l -> [Item l]

-- | Number literals, convertible through the generic Integer type.
--   
--   all number are Enum'erable, meaning that you can move to next element
class (Enum a, Eq a, Ord a, Integral a) => IsIntegral a
toInteger :: IsIntegral a => a -> Integer

-- | Non Negative Number literals, convertible through the generic Natural
--   type
class (Enum a, Eq a, Ord a, Integral a, IsIntegral a) => IsNatural a
toNatural :: IsNatural a => a -> Natural

-- | types that have sign and can be made absolute
class Signed a
abs :: Signed a => a -> a
signum :: Signed a => a -> Sign

-- | Represent class of things that can be added together, contains a
--   neutral element and is commutative.
--   
--   <pre>
--   x + azero = x
--   azero + x = x
--   x + y = y + x
--   </pre>
class Additive a where scale 0 _ = azero scale 1 a = a scale 2 a = a + a scale n a = a + scale (pred n) a
azero :: Additive a => a
(+) :: Additive a => a -> a -> a
scale :: (Additive a, IsNatural n) => n -> a -> a

-- | Represent class of things that can be subtracted.
--   
--   Note that the result is not necessary of the same type as the operand
--   depending on the actual type.
--   
--   For example:
--   
--   <pre>
--   (-) :: Int -&gt; Int -&gt; Int
--   (-) :: DateTime -&gt; DateTime -&gt; Seconds
--   (-) :: Ptr a -&gt; Ptr a -&gt; PtrDiff
--   (-) :: Natural -&gt; Natural -&gt; Maybe Natural
--   </pre>
class Subtractive a where type Difference a where {
    type family Difference a;
}
(-) :: Subtractive a => a -> a -> Difference a

-- | Represent class of things that can be multiplied together
--   
--   <pre>
--   x * midentity = x
--   midentity * x = x
--   </pre>
class Multiplicative a where (^) = power

-- | Identity element over multiplication
midentity :: Multiplicative a => a

-- | Multiplication of 2 elements that result in another element
(*) :: Multiplicative a => a -> a -> a

-- | Raise to power, repeated multiplication e.g. &gt; a ^ 2 = a * a &gt; a
--   ^ 10 = (a ^ 5) * (a ^ 5) .. (^) :: (IsNatural n) =&gt; a -&gt; n -&gt;
--   a
(^) :: (Multiplicative a, IsNatural n, IDivisible n) => a -> n -> a

-- | Represent types that supports an euclidian division
--   
--   <pre>
--   (x ‘div‘ y) * y + (x ‘mod‘ y) == x
--   </pre>
class (Additive a, Multiplicative a) => IDivisible a where div a b = fst $ divMod a b mod a b = snd $ divMod a b divMod a b = (div a b, mod a b)
div :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> a
mod :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> a
divMod :: IDivisible a => a -> a -> (a, a)

-- | Support for division between same types
--   
--   This is likely to change to represent specific mathematic divisions
class Multiplicative a => Divisible a
(/) :: Divisible a => a -> a -> a

-- | The <a>Maybe</a> type encapsulates an optional value. A value of type
--   <tt><a>Maybe</a> a</tt> either contains a value of type <tt>a</tt>
--   (represented as <tt><a>Just</a> a</tt>), or it is empty (represented
--   as <a>Nothing</a>). Using <a>Maybe</a> is a good way to deal with
--   errors or exceptional cases without resorting to drastic measures such
--   as <a>error</a>.
--   
--   The <a>Maybe</a> type is also a monad. It is a simple kind of error
--   monad, where all errors are represented by <a>Nothing</a>. A richer
--   error monad can be built using the <a>Either</a> type.
data Maybe a :: * -> *
Nothing :: Maybe a
Just :: a -> Maybe a
data Ordering :: *
LT :: Ordering
EQ :: Ordering
GT :: Ordering
data Bool :: *
False :: Bool
True :: Bool

-- | The character type <a>Char</a> is an enumeration whose values
--   represent Unicode (or equivalently ISO/IEC 10646) characters (see
--   <a>http://www.unicode.org/</a> for details). This set extends the ISO
--   8859-1 (Latin-1) character set (the first 256 characters), which is
--   itself an extension of the ASCII character set (the first 128
--   characters). A character literal in Haskell has type <a>Char</a>.
--   
--   To convert a <a>Char</a> to or from the corresponding <a>Int</a> value
--   defined by Unicode, use <a>toEnum</a> and <a>fromEnum</a> from the
--   <a>Enum</a> class respectively (or equivalently <tt>ord</tt> and
--   <tt>chr</tt>).
data Char :: *

-- | A value of type <tt><a>IO</a> a</tt> is a computation which, when
--   performed, does some I/O before returning a value of type <tt>a</tt>.
--   
--   There is really only one way to "perform" an I/O action: bind it to
--   <tt>Main.main</tt> in your program. When your program is run, the I/O
--   will be performed. It isn't possible to perform I/O from an arbitrary
--   function, unless that function is itself in the <a>IO</a> monad and
--   called at some point, directly or indirectly, from <tt>Main.main</tt>.
--   
--   <a>IO</a> is a monad, so <a>IO</a> actions can be combined using
--   either the do-notation or the <tt>&gt;&gt;</tt> and <tt>&gt;&gt;=</tt>
--   operations from the <tt>Monad</tt> class.
data IO a :: * -> *

-- | The <a>Either</a> type represents values with two possibilities: a
--   value of type <tt><a>Either</a> a b</tt> is either <tt><a>Left</a>
--   a</tt> or <tt><a>Right</a> b</tt>.
--   
--   The <a>Either</a> type is sometimes used to represent a value which is
--   either correct or an error; by convention, the <a>Left</a> constructor
--   is used to hold an error value and the <a>Right</a> constructor is
--   used to hold a correct value (mnemonic: "right" also means "correct").
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   The type <tt><a>Either</a> <a>String</a> <a>Int</a></tt> is the type
--   of values which can be either a <a>String</a> or an <a>Int</a>. The
--   <a>Left</a> constructor can be used only on <a>String</a>s, and the
--   <a>Right</a> constructor can be used only on <a>Int</a>s:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; s
--   Left "foo"
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; n
--   Right 3
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :type s
--   s :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :type n
--   n :: Either String Int
--   </pre>
--   
--   The <a>fmap</a> from our <a>Functor</a> instance will ignore
--   <a>Left</a> values, but will apply the supplied function to values
--   contained in a <a>Right</a>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fmap (*2) s
--   Left "foo"
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fmap (*2) n
--   Right 6
--   </pre>
--   
--   The <a>Monad</a> instance for <a>Either</a> allows us to chain
--   together multiple actions which may fail, and fail overall if any of
--   the individual steps failed. First we'll write a function that can
--   either parse an <a>Int</a> from a <a>Char</a>, or fail.
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Data.Char ( digitToInt, isDigit )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :{
--       let parseEither :: Char -&gt; Either String Int
--           parseEither c
--             | isDigit c = Right (digitToInt c)
--             | otherwise = Left "parse error"
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :}
--   </pre>
--   
--   The following should work, since both <tt>'1'</tt> and <tt>'2'</tt>
--   can be parsed as <a>Int</a>s.
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :{
--       let parseMultiple :: Either String Int
--           parseMultiple = do
--             x &lt;- parseEither '1'
--             y &lt;- parseEither '2'
--             return (x + y)
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :}
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parseMultiple
--   Right 3
--   </pre>
--   
--   But the following should fail overall, since the first operation where
--   we attempt to parse <tt>'m'</tt> as an <a>Int</a> will fail:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :{
--       let parseMultiple :: Either String Int
--           parseMultiple = do
--             x &lt;- parseEither 'm'
--             y &lt;- parseEither '2'
--             return (x + y)
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; :}
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; parseMultiple
--   Left "parse error"
--   </pre>
data Either a b :: * -> * -> *
Left :: a -> Either a b
Right :: b -> Either a b

-- | 8-bit signed integer type
data Int8 :: *

-- | 16-bit signed integer type
data Int16 :: *

-- | 32-bit signed integer type
data Int32 :: *

-- | 64-bit signed integer type
data Int64 :: *

-- | 8-bit unsigned integer type
data Word8 :: *

-- | 16-bit unsigned integer type
data Word16 :: *

-- | 32-bit unsigned integer type
data Word32 :: *

-- | 64-bit unsigned integer type
data Word64 :: *

-- | A <a>Word</a> is an unsigned integral type, with the same size as
--   <a>Int</a>.
data Word :: *

-- | A fixed-precision integer type with at least the range <tt>[-2^29 ..
--   2^29-1]</tt>. The exact range for a given implementation can be
--   determined by using <a>minBound</a> and <a>maxBound</a> from the
--   <a>Bounded</a> class.
data Int :: *

-- | Invariant: <a>Jn#</a> and <a>Jp#</a> are used iff value doesn't fit in
--   <a>S#</a>
--   
--   Useful properties resulting from the invariants:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre>abs (<a>S#</a> _) &lt;= abs (<a>Jp#</a> _)</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>abs (<a>S#</a> _) &lt; abs (<a>Jn#</a> _)</pre></li>
--   </ul>
data Integer :: *

-- | Type representing arbitrary-precision non-negative integers.
--   
--   Operations whose result would be negative <tt><a>throw</a>
--   (<a>Underflow</a> :: <a>ArithException</a>)</tt>.
data Natural :: *

-- | Arbitrary-precision rational numbers, represented as a ratio of two
--   <a>Integer</a> values. A rational number may be constructed using the
--   <a>%</a> operator.
type Rational = Ratio Integer

-- | Single-precision floating point numbers. It is desirable that this
--   type be at least equal in range and precision to the IEEE
--   single-precision type.
data Float :: *

-- | Double-precision floating point numbers. It is desirable that this
--   type be at least equal in range and precision to the IEEE
--   double-precision type.
data Double :: *

-- | CountOf of a data structure.
--   
--   More specifically, it represents the number of elements of type
--   <tt>ty</tt> that fit into the data structure.
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; length (fromList ['a', 'b', 'c', '🌟']) :: CountOf Char
--   CountOf 4
--   </pre>
--   
--   Same caveats as <a>Offset</a> apply here.
newtype CountOf ty
CountOf :: Int -> CountOf ty

-- | Offset in a data structure consisting of elements of type <tt>ty</tt>.
--   
--   Int is a terrible backing type which is hard to get away from,
--   considering that GHC/Haskell are mostly using this for offset. Trying
--   to bring some sanity by a lightweight wrapping.
newtype Offset ty
Offset :: Int -> Offset ty

-- | An array of type built on top of GHC primitive.
--   
--   The elements need to have fixed sized and the representation is a
--   packed contiguous array in memory that can easily be passed to foreign
--   interface
data UArray ty

-- | Represent the accessor for types that can be stored in the UArray and
--   MUArray.
--   
--   Types need to be a instance of storable and have fixed sized.
class Eq ty => PrimType ty

-- | Array of a
data Array a

-- | Opaque packed array of characters in the UTF8 encoding
data String

-- | raise a number to an integral power
(^^) :: (Fractional a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
infixr 8 ^^

-- | general coercion from integral types
fromIntegral :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b

-- | general coercion to fractional types
realToFrac :: (Real a, Fractional b) => a -> b

-- | The class of monoids (types with an associative binary operation that
--   has an identity). Instances should satisfy the following laws:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><pre>mappend mempty x = x</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>mappend x mempty = x</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>mappend x (mappend y z) = mappend (mappend x y) z</pre></li>
--   <li><pre>mconcat = <a>foldr</a> mappend mempty</pre></li>
--   </ul>
--   
--   The method names refer to the monoid of lists under concatenation, but
--   there are many other instances.
--   
--   Some types can be viewed as a monoid in more than one way, e.g. both
--   addition and multiplication on numbers. In such cases we often define
--   <tt>newtype</tt>s and make those instances of <a>Monoid</a>, e.g.
--   <tt>Sum</tt> and <tt>Product</tt>.
class Monoid a

-- | Identity of <a>mappend</a>
mempty :: Monoid a => a

-- | An associative operation
mappend :: Monoid a => a -> a -> a

-- | Fold a list using the monoid. For most types, the default definition
--   for <a>mconcat</a> will be used, but the function is included in the
--   class definition so that an optimized version can be provided for
--   specific types.
mconcat :: Monoid a => [a] -> a

-- | An infix synonym for <a>mappend</a>.
(<>) :: Monoid m => m -> m -> m
infixr 6 <>

-- | A set of methods for ordered colection
class (IsList c, Item c ~ Element c) => Collection c where elem e col = not $ e `notElem` col notElem e col = not $ e `elem` col

-- | Check if a collection is empty
null :: Collection c => c -> Bool

-- | Length of a collection (number of Element c)
length :: Collection c => c -> CountOf (Element c)

-- | Check if a collection contains a specific element
--   
--   This is the inverse of <a>notElem</a>.
elem :: forall a. (Collection c, Eq a, a ~ Element c) => Element c -> c -> Bool

-- | Check if a collection does *not* contain a specific element
--   
--   This is the inverse of <a>elem</a>.
notElem :: forall a. (Collection c, Eq a, a ~ Element c) => Element c -> c -> Bool

-- | Get the maximum element of a collection
maximum :: forall a. (Collection c, Ord a, a ~ Element c) => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Get the minimum element of a collection
minimum :: forall a. (Collection c, Ord a, a ~ Element c) => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Determine is any elements of the collection satisfy the predicate
any :: Collection c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Bool

-- | Determine is all elements of the collection satisfy the predicate
all :: Collection c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Bool

-- | A set of methods for ordered colection
class (IsList c, Item c ~ Element c, Monoid c, Collection c) => Sequential c where take n = fst . splitAt n revTake n = fst . revSplitAt n drop n = snd . splitAt n revDrop n = snd . revSplitAt n splitAt n c = (take n c, drop n c) revSplitAt n c = (revTake n c, revDrop n c) break predicate = span (not . predicate) breakElem c = break (== c) intercalate xs xss = mconcatCollection (intersperse xs xss) span predicate = break (not . predicate) partition predicate c = (filter predicate c, filter (not . predicate) c) head nel = maybe (error "head") fst $ uncons (getNonEmpty nel) last nel = maybe (error "last") snd $ unsnoc (getNonEmpty nel) tail nel = maybe (error "tail") snd $ uncons (getNonEmpty nel) init nel = maybe (error "init") fst $ unsnoc (getNonEmpty nel) isPrefixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | len1 == len2 = c1 == c2 | otherwise = c1 == take len1 c2 where len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 isSuffixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | len1 == len2 = c1 == c2 | otherwise = c1 == revTake len1 c2 where len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 isInfixOf c1 c2 | len1 > len2 = False | otherwise = loop 0 where endofs = len2 - len1 len1 = length c1 len2 = length c2 loop i | i == endofs = c1 == c2Sub | c1 == c2Sub = True | otherwise = loop (succ i) where c2Sub = take len1 $ drop i $ c2

-- | Take the first @n elements of a collection
take :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Take the last @n elements of a collection
revTake :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Drop the first @n elements of a collection
drop :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Drop the last @n elements of a collection
revDrop :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> c

-- | Split the collection at the @n'th elements
splitAt :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split the collection at the @n'th elements from the end
revSplitAt :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split on a specific elements returning a list of colletion
splitOn :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> [c]

-- | Split a collection when the predicate return true
break :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Split a collection when the predicate return true
breakElem :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => Element c -> c -> (c, c)

-- | The <a>intersperse</a> function takes an element and a list and
--   `intersperses' that element between the elements of the list. For
--   example,
--   
--   <pre>
--   intersperse ',' "abcde" == "a,b,c,d,e"
--   </pre>
intersperse :: Sequential c => Element c -> c -> c

-- | <a>intercalate</a> <tt>xs xss</tt> is equivalent to
--   <tt>(<a>mconcat</a> (<a>intersperse</a> xs xss))</tt>. It inserts the
--   list <tt>xs</tt> in between the lists in <tt>xss</tt> and concatenates
--   the result.
intercalate :: (Sequential c, Monoid (Item c)) => Element c -> c -> Element c

-- | Split a collection while the predicate return true
span :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Filter all the elements that satisfy the predicate
filter :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> c

-- | Partition the elements thtat satisfy the predicate and those that
--   don't
partition :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> (c, c)

-- | Reverse a collection
reverse :: Sequential c => c -> c

-- | Decompose a collection into its first element and the remaining
--   collection. If the collection is empty, returns Nothing.
uncons :: Sequential c => c -> Maybe (Element c, c)

-- | Decompose a collection into a collection without its last element, and
--   the last element If the collection is empty, returns Nothing.
unsnoc :: Sequential c => c -> Maybe (c, Element c)

-- | Prepend an element to an ordered collection
snoc :: Sequential c => c -> Element c -> c

-- | Append an element to an ordered collection
cons :: Sequential c => Element c -> c -> c

-- | Find an element in an ordered collection
find :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Bool) -> c -> Maybe (Element c)

-- | Sort an ordered collection using the specified order function
sortBy :: Sequential c => (Element c -> Element c -> Ordering) -> c -> c

-- | Create a collection with a single element
singleton :: Sequential c => Element c -> c

-- | get the first element of a non-empty collection
head :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | get the last element of a non-empty collection
last :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> Element c

-- | Extract the elements after the first element of a non-empty
--   collection.
tail :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> c

-- | Extract the elements before the last element of a non-empty
--   collection.
init :: Sequential c => NonEmpty c -> c

-- | Create a collection where the element in parameter is repeated N time
replicate :: Sequential c => CountOf (Element c) -> Element c -> c

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   prefix of the second.
isPrefixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   prefix of the second.
isPrefixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   suffix of the second.
isSuffixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is a
--   suffix of the second.
isSuffixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is an
--   infix of the second.
isInfixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq (Element c)) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | Takes two collections and returns True iff the first collection is an
--   infix of the second.
isInfixOf :: (Sequential c, Eq c) => c -> c -> Bool

-- | NonEmpty property for any Collection
--   
--   This can only be made, through the <a>nonEmpty</a> smart contructor
data NonEmpty a

-- | Smart constructor to create a NonEmpty collection
--   
--   If the collection is empty, then Nothing is returned Otherwise, the
--   collection is wrapped in the NonEmpty property
nonEmpty :: Collection c => c -> Maybe (NonEmpty c)

-- | Give the ability to fold a collection on itself
class Foldable collection where foldr' f z0 xs = foldl f' id xs z0 where f' k x z = k $! f x z

-- | Left-associative fold of a structure.
--   
--   In the case of lists, foldl, when applied to a binary operator, a
--   starting value (typically the left-identity of the operator), and a
--   list, reduces the list using the binary operator, from left to right:
--   
--   <pre>
--   foldl f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == (...((z `f` x1) `f` x2) `f`...) `f` xn
--   </pre>
--   
--   Note that to produce the outermost application of the operator the
--   entire input list must be traversed. This means that foldl' will
--   diverge if given an infinite list.
--   
--   Also note that if you want an efficient left-fold, you probably want
--   to use foldl' instead of foldl. The reason for this is that latter
--   does not force the "inner" results (e.g. z f x1 in the above example)
--   before applying them to the operator (e.g. to (f x2)). This results in
--   a thunk chain O(n) elements long, which then must be evaluated from
--   the outside-in.
foldl :: Foldable collection => (a -> Element collection -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Left-associative fold of a structure but with strict application of
--   the operator.
foldl' :: Foldable collection => (a -> Element collection -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Right-associative fold of a structure.
--   
--   <pre>
--   foldr f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == x1 `f` (x2 `f` ... (xn `f` z)...)
--   </pre>
foldr :: Foldable collection => (Element collection -> a -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | Right-associative fold of a structure, but with strict application of
--   the operator.
foldr' :: Foldable collection => (Element collection -> a -> a) -> a -> collection -> a

-- | The <a>mapMaybe</a> function is a version of <a>map</a> which can
--   throw out elements. In particular, the functional argument returns
--   something of type <tt><a>Maybe</a> b</tt>. If this is <a>Nothing</a>,
--   no element is added on to the result list. If it is <tt><a>Just</a>
--   b</tt>, then <tt>b</tt> is included in the result list.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Using <tt><a>mapMaybe</a> f x</tt> is a shortcut for
--   <tt><a>catMaybes</a> $ <a>map</a> f x</tt> in most cases:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let readMaybeInt = readMaybe :: String -&gt; Maybe Int
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; mapMaybe readMaybeInt ["1", "Foo", "3"]
--   [1,3]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; catMaybes $ map readMaybeInt ["1", "Foo", "3"]
--   [1,3]
--   </pre>
--   
--   If we map the <a>Just</a> constructor, the entire list should be
--   returned:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; mapMaybe Just [1,2,3]
--   [1,2,3]
--   </pre>
mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> [b]

-- | The <a>catMaybes</a> function takes a list of <a>Maybe</a>s and
--   returns a list of all the <a>Just</a> values.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; catMaybes [Just 1, Nothing, Just 3]
--   [1,3]
--   </pre>
--   
--   When constructing a list of <a>Maybe</a> values, <a>catMaybes</a> can
--   be used to return all of the "success" results (if the list is the
--   result of a <a>map</a>, then <a>mapMaybe</a> would be more
--   appropriate):
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; [readMaybe x :: Maybe Int | x &lt;- ["1", "Foo", "3"] ]
--   [Just 1,Nothing,Just 3]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; catMaybes $ [readMaybe x :: Maybe Int | x &lt;- ["1", "Foo", "3"] ]
--   [1,3]
--   </pre>
catMaybes :: [Maybe a] -> [a]

-- | The <a>fromMaybe</a> function takes a default value and and
--   <a>Maybe</a> value. If the <a>Maybe</a> is <a>Nothing</a>, it returns
--   the default values; otherwise, it returns the value contained in the
--   <a>Maybe</a>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fromMaybe "" (Just "Hello, World!")
--   "Hello, World!"
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fromMaybe "" Nothing
--   ""
--   </pre>
--   
--   Read an integer from a string using <tt>readMaybe</tt>. If we fail to
--   parse an integer, we want to return <tt>0</tt> by default:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fromMaybe 0 (readMaybe "5")
--   5
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; fromMaybe 0 (readMaybe "")
--   0
--   </pre>
fromMaybe :: a -> Maybe a -> a

-- | The <a>isJust</a> function returns <a>True</a> iff its argument is of
--   the form <tt>Just _</tt>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isJust (Just 3)
--   True
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isJust (Just ())
--   True
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isJust Nothing
--   False
--   </pre>
--   
--   Only the outer constructor is taken into consideration:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isJust (Just Nothing)
--   True
--   </pre>
isJust :: Maybe a -> Bool

-- | The <a>isNothing</a> function returns <a>True</a> iff its argument is
--   <a>Nothing</a>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isNothing (Just 3)
--   False
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isNothing (Just ())
--   False
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isNothing Nothing
--   True
--   </pre>
--   
--   Only the outer constructor is taken into consideration:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; isNothing (Just Nothing)
--   False
--   </pre>
isNothing :: Maybe a -> Bool

-- | The <a>listToMaybe</a> function returns <a>Nothing</a> on an empty
--   list or <tt><a>Just</a> a</tt> where <tt>a</tt> is the first element
--   of the list.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; listToMaybe []
--   Nothing
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; listToMaybe [9]
--   Just 9
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; listToMaybe [1,2,3]
--   Just 1
--   </pre>
--   
--   Composing <a>maybeToList</a> with <a>listToMaybe</a> should be the
--   identity on singleton/empty lists:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybeToList $ listToMaybe [5]
--   [5]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybeToList $ listToMaybe []
--   []
--   </pre>
--   
--   But not on lists with more than one element:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybeToList $ listToMaybe [1,2,3]
--   [1]
--   </pre>
listToMaybe :: [a] -> Maybe a

-- | The <a>maybeToList</a> function returns an empty list when given
--   <a>Nothing</a> or a singleton list when not given <a>Nothing</a>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybeToList (Just 7)
--   [7]
--   </pre>
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; maybeToList Nothing
--   []
--   </pre>
--   
--   One can use <a>maybeToList</a> to avoid pattern matching when combined
--   with a function that (safely) works on lists:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; sum $ maybeToList (readMaybe "3")
--   3
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; sum $ maybeToList (readMaybe "")
--   0
--   </pre>
maybeToList :: Maybe a -> [a]

-- | Partitions a list of <a>Either</a> into two lists. All the <a>Left</a>
--   elements are extracted, in order, to the first component of the
--   output. Similarly the <a>Right</a> elements are extracted to the
--   second component of the output.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let list = [ Left "foo", Right 3, Left "bar", Right 7, Left "baz" ]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; partitionEithers list
--   (["foo","bar","baz"],[3,7])
--   </pre>
--   
--   The pair returned by <tt><a>partitionEithers</a> x</tt> should be the
--   same pair as <tt>(<a>lefts</a> x, <a>rights</a> x)</tt>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let list = [ Left "foo", Right 3, Left "bar", Right 7, Left "baz" ]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; partitionEithers list == (lefts list, rights list)
--   True
--   </pre>
partitionEithers :: [Either a b] -> ([a], [b])

-- | Extracts from a list of <a>Either</a> all the <a>Left</a> elements.
--   All the <a>Left</a> elements are extracted in order.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let list = [ Left "foo", Right 3, Left "bar", Right 7, Left "baz" ]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; lefts list
--   ["foo","bar","baz"]
--   </pre>
lefts :: [Either a b] -> [a]

-- | Extracts from a list of <a>Either</a> all the <a>Right</a> elements.
--   All the <a>Right</a> elements are extracted in order.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Basic usage:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; let list = [ Left "foo", Right 3, Left "bar", Right 7, Left "baz" ]
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; rights list
--   [3,7]
--   </pre>
rights :: [Either a b] -> [b]

-- | <tt>(*) `on` f = \x y -&gt; f x * f y</tt>.
--   
--   Typical usage: <tt><a>sortBy</a> (<tt>compare</tt> `on`
--   <tt>fst</tt>)</tt>.
--   
--   Algebraic properties:
--   
--   <ul>
--   <li><tt>(*) `on` <a>id</a> = (*)</tt> (if <tt>(*) ∉ {⊥, <a>const</a>
--   ⊥}</tt>)</li>
--   <li><pre>((*) `on` f) `on` g = (*) `on` (f . g)</pre></li>
--   <li><pre><a>flip</a> on f . <a>flip</a> on g = <a>flip</a> on (g .
--   f)</pre></li>
--   </ul>
on :: (b -> b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> a -> c
infixl 0 `on`

-- | An infix synonym for <a>fmap</a>.
--   
--   The name of this operator is an allusion to <tt>$</tt>. Note the
--   similarities between their types:
--   
--   <pre>
--    ($)  ::              (a -&gt; b) -&gt;   a -&gt;   b
--   (&lt;$&gt;) :: Functor f =&gt; (a -&gt; b) -&gt; f a -&gt; f b
--   </pre>
--   
--   Whereas <tt>$</tt> is function application, <a>&lt;$&gt;</a> is
--   function application lifted over a <a>Functor</a>.
--   
--   <h4><b>Examples</b></h4>
--   
--   Convert from a <tt><tt>Maybe</tt> <tt>Int</tt></tt> to a
--   <tt><tt>Maybe</tt> <tt>String</tt></tt> using <tt>show</tt>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; show &lt;$&gt; Nothing
--   Nothing
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; show &lt;$&gt; Just 3
--   Just "3"
--   </pre>
--   
--   Convert from an <tt><tt>Either</tt> <tt>Int</tt> <tt>Int</tt></tt> to
--   an <tt><tt>Either</tt> <tt>Int</tt></tt> <tt>String</tt> using
--   <tt>show</tt>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; show &lt;$&gt; Left 17
--   Left 17
--   
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; show &lt;$&gt; Right 17
--   Right "17"
--   </pre>
--   
--   Double each element of a list:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; (*2) &lt;$&gt; [1,2,3]
--   [2,4,6]
--   </pre>
--   
--   Apply <tt>even</tt> to the second element of a pair:
--   
--   <pre>
--   &gt;&gt;&gt; even &lt;$&gt; (2,2)
--   (2,True)
--   </pre>
(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
infixl 4 <$>

-- | An associative binary operation
(<|>) :: Alternative f => forall a. f a -> f a -> f a

-- | Left-to-right Kleisli composition of monads.
(>=>) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (b -> m c) -> a -> m c
infixr 1 >=>

-- | Any type that you wish to throw or catch as an exception must be an
--   instance of the <tt>Exception</tt> class. The simplest case is a new
--   exception type directly below the root:
--   
--   <pre>
--   data MyException = ThisException | ThatException
--       deriving (Show, Typeable)
--   
--   instance Exception MyException
--   </pre>
--   
--   The default method definitions in the <tt>Exception</tt> class do what
--   we need in this case. You can now throw and catch
--   <tt>ThisException</tt> and <tt>ThatException</tt> as exceptions:
--   
--   <pre>
--   *Main&gt; throw ThisException `catch` \e -&gt; putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MyException))
--   Caught ThisException
--   </pre>
--   
--   In more complicated examples, you may wish to define a whole hierarchy
--   of exceptions:
--   
--   <pre>
--   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
--   -- Make the root exception type for all the exceptions in a compiler
--   
--   data SomeCompilerException = forall e . Exception e =&gt; SomeCompilerException e
--       deriving Typeable
--   
--   instance Show SomeCompilerException where
--       show (SomeCompilerException e) = show e
--   
--   instance Exception SomeCompilerException
--   
--   compilerExceptionToException :: Exception e =&gt; e -&gt; SomeException
--   compilerExceptionToException = toException . SomeCompilerException
--   
--   compilerExceptionFromException :: Exception e =&gt; SomeException -&gt; Maybe e
--   compilerExceptionFromException x = do
--       SomeCompilerException a &lt;- fromException x
--       cast a
--   
--   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
--   -- Make a subhierarchy for exceptions in the frontend of the compiler
--   
--   data SomeFrontendException = forall e . Exception e =&gt; SomeFrontendException e
--       deriving Typeable
--   
--   instance Show SomeFrontendException where
--       show (SomeFrontendException e) = show e
--   
--   instance Exception SomeFrontendException where
--       toException = compilerExceptionToException
--       fromException = compilerExceptionFromException
--   
--   frontendExceptionToException :: Exception e =&gt; e -&gt; SomeException
--   frontendExceptionToException = toException . SomeFrontendException
--   
--   frontendExceptionFromException :: Exception e =&gt; SomeException -&gt; Maybe e
--   frontendExceptionFromException x = do
--       SomeFrontendException a &lt;- fromException x
--       cast a
--   
--   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
--   -- Make an exception type for a particular frontend compiler exception
--   
--   data MismatchedParentheses = MismatchedParentheses
--       deriving (Typeable, Show)
--   
--   instance Exception MismatchedParentheses where
--       toException   = frontendExceptionToException
--       fromException = frontendExceptionFromException
--   </pre>
--   
--   We can now catch a <tt>MismatchedParentheses</tt> exception as
--   <tt>MismatchedParentheses</tt>, <tt>SomeFrontendException</tt> or
--   <tt>SomeCompilerException</tt>, but not other types, e.g.
--   <tt>IOException</tt>:
--   
--   <pre>
--   *Main&gt; throw MismatchedParentheses <tt>catch</tt> e -&gt; putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MismatchedParentheses))
--   Caught MismatchedParentheses
--   *Main&gt; throw MismatchedParentheses <tt>catch</tt> e -&gt; putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeFrontendException))
--   Caught MismatchedParentheses
--   *Main&gt; throw MismatchedParentheses <tt>catch</tt> e -&gt; putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeCompilerException))
--   Caught MismatchedParentheses
--   *Main&gt; throw MismatchedParentheses <tt>catch</tt> e -&gt; putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: IOException))
--   *** Exception: MismatchedParentheses
--   </pre>
class (Typeable * e, Show e) => Exception e
toException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
fromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e

-- | Render this exception value in a human-friendly manner.
--   
--   Default implementation: <tt><a>show</a></tt>.
displayException :: Exception e => e -> String

-- | The class <a>Typeable</a> allows a concrete representation of a type
--   to be calculated.
class Typeable k (a :: k)

-- | The <tt>SomeException</tt> type is the root of the exception type
--   hierarchy. When an exception of type <tt>e</tt> is thrown, behind the
--   scenes it is encapsulated in a <tt>SomeException</tt>.
data SomeException :: *

-- | Exceptions that occur in the <tt>IO</tt> monad. An
--   <tt>IOException</tt> records a more specific error type, a descriptive
--   string and maybe the handle that was used when the error was flagged.
data IOException :: *

-- | A concrete, poly-kinded proxy type
data Proxy k (t :: k) :: forall k. k -> *
Proxy :: Proxy k

-- | <a>asProxyTypeOf</a> is a type-restricted version of <a>const</a>. It
--   is usually used as an infix operator, and its typing forces its first
--   argument (which is usually overloaded) to have the same type as the
--   tag of the second.
asProxyTypeOf :: a -> Proxy * a -> a

-- | Partialiality wrapper.
data Partial a

-- | Create a value that is partial. this can only be unwrap using the
--   <a>fromPartial</a> function
partial :: a -> Partial a

-- | An error related to the evaluation of a Partial value that failed.
--   
--   it contains the name of the function and the reason for failure
data PartialError

-- | Dewrap a possible partial value
fromPartial :: Partial a -> a

-- | for support of if .. then .. else
ifThenElse :: Bool -> a -> a -> a

-- | Alias to Prelude String ([Char]) for compatibility purpose
type LString = String

module Foundation.Conduit

-- | A component of a conduit pipeline, which takes a stream of
--   <tt>input</tt>, produces a stream of <tt>output</tt>, performs actions
--   in the underlying <tt>monad</tt>, and produces a value of
--   <tt>result</tt> when no more output data is available.
data Conduit input output monad result
data ResourceT m a
newtype ZipSink i m r
ZipSink :: Conduit i () m r -> ZipSink i m r
[getZipSink] :: ZipSink i m r -> Conduit i () m r

-- | Await for a value from upstream.
await :: Conduit i o m (Maybe i)
awaitForever :: (input -> Conduit input output monad b) -> Conduit input output monad ()

-- | Send a value downstream.
yield :: Monad m => o -> Conduit i o m ()

-- | Same as <a>yield</a>, but additionally takes a finalizer to be run if
--   the downstream component terminates.
yieldOr :: o -> m () -> Conduit i o m ()

-- | Provide leftover input to be consumed by the next component in the
--   current monadic binding.
leftover :: i -> Conduit i o m ()

-- | Run a conduit pipeline to completion.
runConduit :: Monad m => Conduit () () m r -> m r

-- | Run a pure conduit pipeline to completion.
runConduitPure :: Conduit () () Identity r -> r

-- | Run a conduit pipeline in a <a>ResourceT</a> context for acquiring
--   resources.
runConduitRes :: (MonadBracket m, MonadIO m) => Conduit () () (ResourceT m) r -> m r

-- | Send the output of the first Conduit component to the second Conduit
--   component.
fuse :: Monad m => Conduit a b m () -> Conduit b c m r -> Conduit a c m r

-- | Operator version of <a>fuse</a>.
(.|) :: Monad m => Conduit a b m () -> Conduit b c m r -> Conduit a c m r
infixr 2 .|
sourceFile :: MonadResource m => FilePath -> Conduit i (UArray Word8) m ()
sourceHandle :: MonadIO m => Handle -> Conduit i (UArray Word8) m ()
sinkFile :: MonadResource m => FilePath -> Conduit (UArray Word8) i m ()
sinkHandle :: MonadIO m => Handle -> Conduit (UArray Word8) o m ()
sinkList :: Monad m => Conduit i o m [i]
bracketConduit :: MonadResource m => IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> (a -> Conduit i o m r) -> Conduit i o m r