| Copyright | (c) The University of Glasgow 1998-2002 |
|---|---|
| License | see libraries/base/LICENSE |
| Maintainer | cvs-ghc@haskell.org |
| Stability | internal |
| Portability | non-portable (GHC extensions) |
| Safe Haskell | Trustworthy |
| Language | Haskell2010 |
GHC.Exception.Type
Description
Exceptions and exception-handling functions.
Synopsis
- class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where
- toException :: e -> SomeException
- fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e
- displayException :: e -> String
- data SomeException = forall e.Exception e => SomeException e
- data ArithException
- divZeroException :: SomeException
- overflowException :: SomeException
- ratioZeroDenomException :: SomeException
- underflowException :: SomeException
Documentation
class (Typeable e, Show e) => Exception e where Source #
Any type that you wish to throw or catch as an exception must be an
instance of the Exception class. The simplest case is a new exception
type directly below the root:
data MyException = ThisException | ThatException
deriving Show
instance Exception MyExceptionThe default method definitions in the Exception class do what we need
in this case. You can now throw and catch ThisException and
ThatException as exceptions:
*Main> throw ThisException `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MyException))
Caught ThisException
In more complicated examples, you may wish to define a whole hierarchy of exceptions:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make the root exception type for all the exceptions in a compiler
data SomeCompilerException = forall e . Exception e => SomeCompilerException e
instance Show SomeCompilerException where
show (SomeCompilerException e) = show e
instance Exception SomeCompilerException
compilerExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
compilerExceptionToException = toException . SomeCompilerException
compilerExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e
compilerExceptionFromException x = do
SomeCompilerException a <- fromException x
cast a
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make a subhierarchy for exceptions in the frontend of the compiler
data SomeFrontendException = forall e . Exception e => SomeFrontendException e
instance Show SomeFrontendException where
show (SomeFrontendException e) = show e
instance Exception SomeFrontendException where
toException = compilerExceptionToException
fromException = compilerExceptionFromException
frontendExceptionToException :: Exception e => e -> SomeException
frontendExceptionToException = toException . SomeFrontendException
frontendExceptionFromException :: Exception e => SomeException -> Maybe e
frontendExceptionFromException x = do
SomeFrontendException a <- fromException x
cast a
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Make an exception type for a particular frontend compiler exception
data MismatchedParentheses = MismatchedParentheses
deriving Show
instance Exception MismatchedParentheses where
toException = frontendExceptionToException
fromException = frontendExceptionFromExceptionWe can now catch a MismatchedParentheses exception as
MismatchedParentheses, SomeFrontendException or
SomeCompilerException, but not other types, e.g. IOException:
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: MismatchedParentheses))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeFrontendException))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: SomeCompilerException))
Caught MismatchedParentheses
*Main> throw MismatchedParentheses `catch` \e -> putStrLn ("Caught " ++ show (e :: IOException))
*** Exception: MismatchedParentheses
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
toException :: e -> SomeException Source #
fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe e Source #
displayException :: e -> String Source #
Instances
data SomeException Source #
The SomeException type is the root of the exception type hierarchy.
When an exception of type e is thrown, behind the scenes it is
encapsulated in a SomeException.
Constructors
| forall e.Exception e => SomeException e |
Instances
| Show SomeException Source # | Since: 3.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type | |
| Exception SomeException Source # | Since: 3.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type Methods toException :: SomeException -> SomeException Source # fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe SomeException Source # | |
data ArithException Source #
Arithmetic exceptions.
Constructors
| Overflow | |
| Underflow | |
| LossOfPrecision | |
| DivideByZero | |
| Denormal | |
| RatioZeroDenominator | Since: 4.6.0.0 |
Instances
| Eq ArithException Source # | Since: 3.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type Methods (==) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # (/=) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # | |
| Ord ArithException Source # | Since: 3.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type Methods compare :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Ordering # (<) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # (<=) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # (>) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # (>=) :: ArithException -> ArithException -> Bool # max :: ArithException -> ArithException -> ArithException # min :: ArithException -> ArithException -> ArithException # | |
| Show ArithException Source # | Since: 4.0.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type | |
| Exception ArithException Source # | Since: 4.0.0.0 |
Defined in GHC.Exception.Type Methods toException :: ArithException -> SomeException Source # fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe ArithException Source # | |