Interfaces.MZAST

This module defines a more human-friendly interface for the MiniZinc 2.1 language, on top of Interfaces.MZASTBase. With the use of this module, one can represent MiniZinc models in Haskell code.

Items

data GItem (a :: DSorOther) where

Constructors

Include' :: String -> GItem OK

Comment' :: String -> GItem OK

Declare' :: Declaration -> GItem OK

Var' :: Inst -> Type -> String -> GItem DS

Function' :: Inst -> Type -> String -> [GItem DS] -> GItem DS

Predicate' :: String -> [GItem DS] -> GItem DS

Test' :: String -> [GItem DS] -> GItem DS

Annot' :: String -> [GItem DS] -> GItem OK

Assign' :: Ident -> Expr -> GItem OK

Solve' :: Solve -> GItem OK

Constrain' :: AnnExpr -> GItem OK

Output' :: [Expr] -> GItem OK

include :: String -> GItem OK

Represents an include item in the MiniZinc model. The argument is the filepath.

constraint :: Expr -> GItem OK

Represents a non-annotated constraint item in the MiniZinc model.

output :: [Expr] -> GItem OK

Represents an output item in the MiniZinc model. The elements in the list argument represent the elements of the MiniZinc array passed to the output item.

Example:

>>> output [string "x = ", mz_show[var "x"]]
output ["x = ", show(x)];

If the represented model contains an output item that changes the default format of the solver's solutions, then a custom parser will be needed to get the solver's results back in Haskell. See Interfaces.FZSolutionParser.

(%) :: String -> GItem OK

Represents a comment in the MiniZinc model. Example:

>>> (%) "comment goes here"
% comment goes here

solve :: Solve -> GItem OK

Represents a solve item in the MiniZinc model. Used together with one of satisfy, minimize or maximize functions, which can also carry annotations.

satisfy :: Solve

Finalizes the representation of a non-annotated solve item. Use |: operator to annotate it.

minimize :: Expr -> Solve

Finilizes the representation of a non-annotated solve item. Use |: operator to annotate it.

maximize :: Expr -> Solve

Finilizes the representation of a non-annotated solve item. Use |: operator to annotate it.

(=.) :: Assignable a => a -> Expr -> GItem OK infixl 1

The operator that represents assignment in MiniZinc code. One can assign a non- annotated expression to a variable, predicate, test or function either on declaration or later.

To annotate the expression, use haskelzinc operator |:.

Examples:

Assigning to an already declared variable, predicate, test or function x:

>>> "x" =. 1

Assigning a value to a variable on declaration:

>>> par Int "x" =. 1

Not to be confused with the equality operator, represented in haskelzinc by =.=.

var :: Varr i => Type -> String -> GItem i

par :: Varr i => Type -> String -> GItem i

ann :: String -> GItem DS

Creates the representation of a variable of type ann. Use this function in the declaration of the arguments of a user-defined annotation.

Example:

>>> annotation "int_search" [par Array[Int] Dec Int, ann "select", ann "explore"]
annotation int_search(array[int] of var int: x, ann: select,
                      ann: explore);

predicate

Arguments

:: String

The name of the predicate

-> [GItem DS]

The signature of the predicate's arguments

-> GItem DS

Creates a predicate declaration item. Use the (=.) operator to assign it a body.

function

Arguments

:: Inst

The inst of the function's returning value

-> Type

The type of the function's returning value

-> String

The name of the function

-> [GItem DS]

The signature of the function's arguments

-> GItem DS

Creates a function declaration item. Use the (=.) operator to assign it a body.

test

Arguments

:: String

The name of the test

-> [GItem DS]

The signatures of the test's arguments

-> GItem DS

Creates a test declaration item. Use the (=.) operator to assign it a body.

Expressions

Constants

true :: Expr

MiniZinc boolean constant true.

false :: Expr

MiniZinc boolean constant false.

bool :: Bool -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc bool constant.

int :: Int -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc integer constant. Example:

>>> constraint $ "x" !=. 1
constraint x != 1;

float :: Float -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc float constant. In most cases, just a Haskell Float value is sufficient for the representation of the MiniZinc float value. This function is provided for when it is necessary to use.

string :: String -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc string constant. This function is necessary for the representation of MiniZinc string literals. Just a Haskell String value is not sufficient.

Conditional

if_ :: Expr -> Expr -> [(Expr, Expr)]

Used together with then_ and/or elseif_ and else_ to represent an if-then-else MiniZinc expression. In case of multiple alternatives, use elseif_, but the last alternative should be created with the use of else_.

Example:

>>> if_ true `then_` 1 `else_` 0
if true then 1 else 0 endif;

then_ :: (Expr -> [(Expr, Expr)]) -> Expr -> [(Expr, Expr)]

cf. if_

elseif_ :: [(Expr, Expr)] -> Expr -> Expr -> [(Expr, Expr)]

cf. if_

else_ :: [(Expr, Expr)] -> Expr -> Expr

cf. if_

Sets

intSet :: [Int] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc set of integers. Its first argument is a list of the set's elements.

Example:

>>> intSet [1, 3, 5]
{1, 3, 5}

floatSet :: [Float] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc set of floats. Its first argument is a list of the set's elements.

stringSet :: [String] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc set of strings. Its first argument is a list of the set's elements.

mapSet :: (a -> Expr) -> [a] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc set. In mapSet f ls, the elements of the MiniZinc set are represented by the resulting Exprs after applying f on the elements of ls.

set :: [Expr] -> Expr

Used to represent a set of arbitrary type.

Example:

>>> set [1, 3, 5]
{1, 3, 5}

haskelzinc does not check for type correctness of the represented MiniZinc set expression. The example below will compile.

Example:

>>> set [1.0, 3, string "asd"]
{1.0, 3, "asd"}

For a safer set representation, use functions intSet, floatSet and stringSet.

(#/.) :: Expr -> [CompTail] -> Expr infix 2

Creates the representation of a MiniZinc set comprehension. In expr #/. cts, expr represents the head expression of the set comprehension and cts is a list of its generator expressions' representations.

Example:

>>> 2 *. "i" #/. [["i"] @@ 0 ... 5]
{2 * i | i in 0 .. 5}

Arrays

boolArray :: [Bool] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc array of booleans.

intArray :: [Int] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc array of integers.

floatArray :: [Float] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc array of floats.

stringArray :: [String] -> Expr

Used to represent a MiniZinc array of strings.

boolArray2 :: [[Bool]] -> Expr

Used to represent a 2-dimensional MiniZinc array of booleans.

intArray2 :: [[Int]] -> Expr

Used to represent a 2-dimensional MiniZinc array of integers.

floatArray2 :: [[Float]] -> Expr

Used to represent a 2-dimensional MiniZinc array of floats.

stringArray2 :: [[String]] -> Expr

Used to represent a 2-dimensional MiniZinc array of strings.

mapArray :: (a -> Expr) -> [a] -> Expr

Represents a 1-dimensional MiniZinc array by mapping, as in the case of mapSet.

mapArray2 :: (a -> Expr) -> [[a]] -> Expr

mapArray2 f lss represents a 2-dimensional MiniZinc array by mapping f to all elements of all lists in lss.

array :: [Expr] -> Expr

Represents a 1-dimensional array of arbitrary type. Same safety remarks apply here as with function set.

array2 :: [[Expr]] -> Expr

Represents a 2-dimensional array of arbitrary type. Same safety remarks apply here as with function set.

(#|.) :: Expr -> [CompTail] -> Expr infix 2

Similar to #/. for array comprehensions.

(!.) infix 9

Arguments

:: String

Array's name

-> [Expr]

Indexes of the desired element

-> Expr

Represents a MiniZinc array access.

Examples:

>>> "array"!.[1]
array[1]

>>> "matrix"!.["i", "j"]
matrix[i,j]

Comprehension tail

(@@) :: [String] -> Expr -> CompTail infix 5

Used to construct the representation of a comprehension tail with a single generator expression. See the example in the documentation for #/..

where_ :: CompTail -> Expr -> CompTail infix 4

Adds a representation for a MiniZinc where clause in a generator expression.

Example:

>>> "i" *. "j" #/. [["i", "j"] @@ 0 ... 5 `where_` ("i" !=. "j")]
{i * j | i, j in 0 .. 5 where i != j}

Generator calls

forall

Arguments

:: [CompTail]

Generator expressions' representation

-> String

The name of the called operation

-> Expr

The head expression of the underlying array comprehension

-> Expr

Used for the representation of a generator call.

Examples:

>>> forall [["i"] @@ "S1", ["j"] @@ "S2"] "sum" ("x"!.["i", "j"])
sum(i in S1, j in S2) (x[i, j])

>>> forall [["c"] @@ "C"] "forall" (
>>> forall [["s"] @@ "S"] "sum" (mz_bool2int["bs"!.["s"] =.= "c"])
>>> =.= "result"!.["c"])
forall(c in C) (sum(s in S) (bool2int(bs[s] = c)) = result[c])

User defined operations

prefCall

Arguments

:: String

The name of the called operation

-> [Expr]

A representation of the arguments

-> Expr

Used to represent a prefix call to a function, test or predicate.

infCall

Arguments

:: String

The name of the called operation

-> Expr

A representation of the left operand

-> Expr

A representation of the right operand

-> Expr

Used to represent an infix (quoted) call to a function, test or predicate.

prefOp :: String -> Op

Used to represent a prefix (quoted) call of an operator.

infOp :: String -> Op

Used to represent an infix call to an operator.

let_ :: [GItem i] -> Expr -> Expr

Creates a MiniZinc let-expression.

Example:

>>> predicate "posProd"[var Int "x", var Int "y"] =.
>>> let_ [ var Int "z"
>>> , constraint $ "z" =.= "x" *. "y"]
>>> ("z" >. 0)
predicate posProd(var int: x, var int: y)
  = let {var int: z;
         constraint z = x * y;}
    in z > 0;

Types

($$) :: String -> Type

Represents a type variable.

Annotations

annotation :: String -> [GItem DS] -> GItem OK

Creates an annotation declaration item. Annotations

(|:) :: Annotatable a => a -> Annotation -> a infixl 4

Adds a representation of an annotation to components that can be annotated.

Others

type ModelData = GItem OK

declareOnly :: DeclarationSignature -> Declaration

turnToItem :: GItem a -> Item

module Interfaces.MZASTBase

Orphan instances

Fractional Expr

Methods

(/) :: Expr -> Expr -> Expr

recip :: Expr -> Expr

fromRational :: Rational -> Expr

Num Expr

Methods

(+) :: Expr -> Expr -> Expr

(-) :: Expr -> Expr -> Expr

(*) :: Expr -> Expr -> Expr

negate :: Expr -> Expr

abs :: Expr -> Expr

signum :: Expr -> Expr

fromInteger :: Integer -> Expr

IsString Expr

Methods

fromString :: String -> Expr