Network.HTTP2

Framing in HTTP/2(https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540).

Frame

data Frame

The data type for HTTP/2 frames.

Constructors

Frame

Fields

• frameHeader :: !FrameHeader
• framePayload :: !FramePayload

Instances

Eq Frame

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: Frame -> Frame -> Bool

(/=) :: Frame -> Frame -> Bool

Read Frame

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS Frame

readList :: ReadS [Frame]

readPrec :: ReadPrec Frame

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Frame]

Show Frame

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Frame -> ShowS

show :: Frame -> String

showList :: [Frame] -> ShowS

data FrameHeader

The data type for HTTP/2 frame headers.

Constructors

FrameHeader

Fields

• payloadLength :: !Int
• flags :: !FrameFlags
• streamId :: !StreamId

Instances

Eq FrameHeader

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: FrameHeader -> FrameHeader -> Bool

(/=) :: FrameHeader -> FrameHeader -> Bool

Read FrameHeader

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS FrameHeader

readList :: ReadS [FrameHeader]

readPrec :: ReadPrec FrameHeader

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [FrameHeader]

Show FrameHeader

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> FrameHeader -> ShowS

show :: FrameHeader -> String

showList :: [FrameHeader] -> ShowS

data FramePayload

The data type for HTTP/2 frame payloads.

Constructors

DataFrame !ByteString

HeadersFrame !(Maybe Priority) !HeaderBlockFragment

PriorityFrame !Priority

RSTStreamFrame !ErrorCodeId

SettingsFrame !SettingsList

PushPromiseFrame !StreamId !HeaderBlockFragment

PingFrame !ByteString

GoAwayFrame !StreamId !ErrorCodeId !ByteString

WindowUpdateFrame !WindowSize

ContinuationFrame !HeaderBlockFragment

UnknownFrame !FrameType !ByteString

Instances

Eq FramePayload

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: FramePayload -> FramePayload -> Bool

(/=) :: FramePayload -> FramePayload -> Bool

Read FramePayload

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS FramePayload

readList :: ReadS [FramePayload]

readPrec :: ReadPrec FramePayload

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [FramePayload]

Show FramePayload

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> FramePayload -> ShowS

show :: FramePayload -> String

showList :: [FramePayload] -> ShowS

type HeaderBlockFragment = ByteString

The type for fragments of a header encoded with HPACK.

type Padding = ByteString

The type for padding in payloads.

isPaddingDefined :: FramePayload -> Bool

Checking if padding is defined in this frame type.

>>> isPaddingDefined $ DataFrame ""
True
>>> isPaddingDefined $ PingFrame ""
False

Encoding

encodeFrame :: EncodeInfo -> FramePayload -> ByteString

Encoding an HTTP/2 frame to ByteString. This function is not efficient enough for high performace program because of the concatenation of ByteString.

>>> encodeFrame (encodeInfo id 1) (DataFrame "body")
"\NUL\NUL\EOT\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\NUL\SOHbody"

encodeFrameChunks :: EncodeInfo -> FramePayload -> [ByteString]

Encoding an HTTP/2 frame to [ByteString]. This is suitable for sendMany.

encodeFrameHeader :: FrameTypeId -> FrameHeader -> ByteString

Encoding an HTTP/2 frame header. The frame header must be completed.

encodeFrameHeaderBuf :: FrameTypeId -> FrameHeader -> Ptr Word8 -> IO ()

Writing an encoded HTTP/2 frame header to the buffer. The length of the buffer must be larger than or equal to 9 bytes.

encodeFramePayload :: EncodeInfo -> FramePayload -> (FrameHeader, [ByteString])

Encoding an HTTP/2 frame payload. This returns a complete frame header and chunks of payload.

data EncodeInfo

Auxiliary information for frame encoding.

Constructors

EncodeInfo

Fields

• encodeFlags :: !FrameFlags

  Flags to be set in a frame header

• encodeStreamId :: !StreamId

  Stream id to be set in a frame header

• encodePadding :: !(Maybe Padding)

  Padding if any. In the case where this value is set but the priority flag is not set, this value gets preference over the priority flag. So, if this value is set, the priority flag is also set.

Instances

Read EncodeInfo

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Encode

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS EncodeInfo

readList :: ReadS [EncodeInfo]

readPrec :: ReadPrec EncodeInfo

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [EncodeInfo]

Show EncodeInfo

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Encode

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> EncodeInfo -> ShowS

show :: EncodeInfo -> String

showList :: [EncodeInfo] -> ShowS

encodeInfo

Arguments

:: (FrameFlags -> FrameFlags)

-> Int

stream identifier

-> EncodeInfo

A smart builder of EncodeInfo.

>>> encodeInfo setAck 0
EncodeInfo {encodeFlags = 1, encodeStreamId = 0, encodePadding = Nothing}

Decoding

decodeFrame

Arguments

:: Settings

HTTP/2 settings

-> ByteString

Input byte-stream

-> Either HTTP2Error Frame

Decoded frame

Decoding an HTTP/2 frame to ByteString. The second argument must be include the entire of frame. So, this function is not useful for real applications but useful for testing.

decodeFrameHeader :: ByteString -> (FrameTypeId, FrameHeader)

Decoding an HTTP/2 frame header. Must supply 9 bytes.

checkFrameHeader :: Settings -> (FrameTypeId, FrameHeader) -> Either HTTP2Error (FrameTypeId, FrameHeader)

Checking a frame header and reporting an error if any.

>>> checkFrameHeader defaultSettings (FrameData,(FrameHeader 100 0 0))
Left (ConnectionError ProtocolError "cannot used in control stream")

Decoding payload

decodeFramePayload :: FrameTypeId -> FramePayloadDecoder

Decoding an HTTP/2 frame payload. This function is considered to return a frame payload decoder according to a frame type.

type FramePayloadDecoder = FrameHeader -> ByteString -> Either HTTP2Error FramePayload

The type for frame payload decoder.

decodeDataFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for DATA frame.

decodeHeadersFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for HEADERS frame.

decodePriorityFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for PRIORITY frame.

decoderstStreamFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for RST_STREAM frame.

decodeSettingsFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for SETTINGS frame.

decodePushPromiseFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for PUSH_PROMISE frame.

decodePingFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for PING frame.

decodeGoAwayFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for GOAWAY frame.

decodeWindowUpdateFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for WINDOW_UPDATE frame.

decodeContinuationFrame :: FramePayloadDecoder

Frame payload decoder for CONTINUATION frame.

Frame type ID

data FrameTypeId

The type for frame type.

Constructors

FrameData

FrameHeaders

FramePriority

FrameRSTStream

FrameSettings

FramePushPromise

FramePing

FrameGoAway

FrameWindowUpdate

FrameContinuation

FrameUnknown FrameType

Instances

Eq FrameTypeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

(/=) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

Ord FrameTypeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

compare :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Ordering

(<) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

(<=) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

(>) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

(>=) :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> Bool

max :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId

min :: FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId -> FrameTypeId

Show FrameTypeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> FrameTypeId -> ShowS

show :: FrameTypeId -> String

showList :: [FrameTypeId] -> ShowS

framePayloadToFrameTypeId :: FramePayload -> FrameTypeId

Getting FrameType from FramePayload.

>>> framePayloadToFrameTypeId (DataFrame "body")
FrameData

Frame type

type FrameType = Word8

The type for raw frame type.

fromFrameTypeId :: FrameTypeId -> FrameType

Converting FrameTypeId to FrameType.

>>> fromFrameTypeId FrameData
0
>>> fromFrameTypeId FrameContinuation
9
>>> fromFrameTypeId (FrameUnknown 10)
10

toFrameTypeId :: FrameType -> FrameTypeId

Converting FrameType to FrameTypeId.

>>> toFrameTypeId 0
FrameData
>>> toFrameTypeId 9
FrameContinuation
>>> toFrameTypeId 10
FrameUnknown 10

Priority

data Priority

Type for stream priority

Constructors

Priority

Fields

• exclusive :: !Bool
• streamDependency :: !StreamId
• weight :: !Weight

Instances

Eq Priority

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: Priority -> Priority -> Bool

(/=) :: Priority -> Priority -> Bool

Read Priority

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS Priority

readList :: ReadS [Priority]

readPrec :: ReadPrec Priority

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Priority]

Show Priority

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Priority -> ShowS

show :: Priority -> String

showList :: [Priority] -> ShowS

type Weight = Int

The type for weight in priority. Its values are from 1 to 256.

defaultPriority :: Priority

Default priority which depends on stream 0.

>>> defaultPriority
Priority {exclusive = False, streamDependency = 0, weight = 16}

highestPriority :: Priority

Highest priority which depends on stream 0.

>>> highestPriority
Priority {exclusive = False, streamDependency = 0, weight = 256}

Stream identifier

type StreamId = Int

The type for stream identifier

isControl :: StreamId -> Bool

Checking if the stream identifier for control.

>>> isControl 0
True
>>> isControl 1
False

isRequest :: StreamId -> Bool

Checking if the stream identifier for request.

>>> isRequest 0
False
>>> isRequest 1
True

isResponse :: StreamId -> Bool

Checking if the stream identifier for response.

>>> isResponse 0
False
>>> isResponse 2
True

Stream identifier related

testExclusive :: StreamId -> Bool

Checking if the exclusive flag is set.

setExclusive :: StreamId -> StreamId

Setting the exclusive flag.

clearExclusive :: StreamId -> StreamId

Clearing the exclusive flag.

Flags

type FrameFlags = Word8

The type for flags.

defaultFlags :: FrameFlags

The initial value of flags. No flags are set.

>>> defaultFlags
0

testEndStream :: FrameFlags -> Bool

Checking if the END_STREAM flag is set. >>> testEndStream 0x1 True

testAck :: FrameFlags -> Bool

Checking if the ACK flag is set. >>> testAck 0x1 True

testEndHeader :: FrameFlags -> Bool

Checking if the END_HEADERS flag is set.

>>> testEndHeader 0x4
True

testPadded :: FrameFlags -> Bool

Checking if the PADDED flag is set.

>>> testPadded 0x8
True

testPriority :: FrameFlags -> Bool

Checking if the PRIORITY flag is set.

>>> testPriority 0x20
True

setEndStream :: FrameFlags -> FrameFlags

Setting the END_STREAM flag.

>>> setEndStream 0
1

setAck :: FrameFlags -> FrameFlags

Setting the ACK flag.

>>> setAck 0
1

setEndHeader :: FrameFlags -> FrameFlags

Setting the END_HEADERS flag.

>>> setEndHeader 0
4

setPadded :: FrameFlags -> FrameFlags

Setting the PADDED flag.

>>> setPadded 0
8

setPriority :: FrameFlags -> FrameFlags

Setting the PRIORITY flag.

>>> setPriority 0
32

SettingsList

type SettingsList = [(SettingsKeyId, SettingsValue)]

Association list of SETTINGS.

data SettingsKeyId

The type for SETTINGS key.

Constructors

SettingsHeaderTableSize

SettingsEnablePush

SettingsMaxConcurrentStreams

SettingsInitialWindowSize

SettingsMaxFrameSize

SettingsMaxHeaderBlockSize

Instances

Bounded SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

minBound :: SettingsKeyId

maxBound :: SettingsKeyId

Enum SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

succ :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId

pred :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId

toEnum :: Int -> SettingsKeyId

fromEnum :: SettingsKeyId -> Int

enumFrom :: SettingsKeyId -> [SettingsKeyId]

enumFromThen :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> [SettingsKeyId]

enumFromTo :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> [SettingsKeyId]

enumFromThenTo :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> [SettingsKeyId]

Eq SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

(/=) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

Ord SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

compare :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Ordering

(<) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

(<=) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

(>) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

(>=) :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> Bool

max :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId

min :: SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId -> SettingsKeyId

Read SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS SettingsKeyId

readList :: ReadS [SettingsKeyId]

readPrec :: ReadPrec SettingsKeyId

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [SettingsKeyId]

Show SettingsKeyId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> SettingsKeyId -> ShowS

show :: SettingsKeyId -> String

showList :: [SettingsKeyId] -> ShowS

type SettingsValue = Int

The type for raw SETTINGS value.

fromSettingsKeyId :: SettingsKeyId -> Word16

Converting SettingsKeyId to raw value.

>>> fromSettingsKeyId SettingsHeaderTableSize
1
>>> fromSettingsKeyId SettingsMaxHeaderBlockSize
6

toSettingsKeyId :: Word16 -> Maybe SettingsKeyId

Converting raw value to SettingsKeyId.

>>> toSettingsKeyId 0
Nothing
>>> toSettingsKeyId 1
Just SettingsHeaderTableSize
>>> toSettingsKeyId 6
Just SettingsMaxHeaderBlockSize
>>> toSettingsKeyId 7
Nothing

checkSettingsList :: SettingsList -> Maybe HTTP2Error

Checking SettingsList and reporting an error if any.

>>> checkSettingsList [(SettingsEnablePush,2)]
Just (ConnectionError ProtocolError "enable push must be 0 or 1")

Settings

data Settings

Cooked version of settings. This is suitable to be stored in a HTTP/2 context.

Constructors

Settings

Fields

• headerTableSize :: !Int
• enablePush :: !Bool
• maxConcurrentStreams :: !(Maybe Int)
• initialWindowSize :: !WindowSize
• maxFrameSize :: !Int
• maxHeaderBlockSize :: !(Maybe Int)

Instances

Show Settings

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Settings -> ShowS

show :: Settings -> String

showList :: [Settings] -> ShowS

defaultSettings :: Settings

The default settings.

>>> defaultSettings
Settings {headerTableSize = 4096, enablePush = True, maxConcurrentStreams = Nothing, initialWindowSize = 65535, maxFrameSize = 16384, maxHeaderBlockSize = Nothing}

updateSettings :: Settings -> SettingsList -> Settings

Updating settings.

>>> updateSettings defaultSettings [(SettingsEnablePush,0),(SettingsMaxHeaderBlockSize,200)]
Settings {headerTableSize = 4096, enablePush = False, maxConcurrentStreams = Nothing, initialWindowSize = 65535, maxFrameSize = 16384, maxHeaderBlockSize = Just 200}

Window

type WindowSize = Int

The type for window size.

defaultInitialWindowSize :: WindowSize

The default initial window size.

>>> defaultInitialWindowSize
65535

maxWindowSize :: WindowSize

The maximum window size.

>>> maxWindowSize
2147483647

isWindowOverflow :: WindowSize -> Bool

Checking if a window size exceeds the maximum window size.

>>> isWindowOverflow 10
False
>>> isWindowOverflow maxWindowSize
False
>>> isWindowOverflow (maxWindowSize + 1)
True

Error code

type ErrorCode = Word32

The type for raw error code.

data ErrorCodeId

The type for error code. See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540#section-7.

Constructors

NoError

ProtocolError

InternalError

FlowControlError

SettingsTimeout

StreamClosed

FrameSizeError

RefusedStream

Cancel

CompressionError

ConnectError

EnhanceYourCalm

InadequateSecurity

HTTP11Required

UnknownErrorCode ErrorCode

Instances

Eq ErrorCodeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

(/=) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

Ord ErrorCodeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

compare :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Ordering

(<) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

(<=) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

(>) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

(>=) :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> Bool

max :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId

min :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCodeId

Read ErrorCodeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS ErrorCodeId

readList :: ReadS [ErrorCodeId]

readPrec :: ReadPrec ErrorCodeId

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [ErrorCodeId]

Show ErrorCodeId

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ErrorCodeId -> ShowS

show :: ErrorCodeId -> String

showList :: [ErrorCodeId] -> ShowS

fromErrorCodeId :: ErrorCodeId -> ErrorCode

Converting ErrorCodeId to ErrorCode.

>>> fromErrorCodeId NoError
0
>>> fromErrorCodeId InadequateSecurity
12

toErrorCodeId :: ErrorCode -> ErrorCodeId

Converting ErrorCode to ErrorCodeId.

>>> toErrorCodeId 0
NoError
>>> toErrorCodeId 0xc
InadequateSecurity
>>> toErrorCodeId 0xe
UnknownErrorCode 14

Error

data HTTP2Error

The connection error or the stream error.

Constructors

ConnectionError !ErrorCodeId !ByteString

StreamError !ErrorCodeId !StreamId

Instances

Eq HTTP2Error

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

(==) :: HTTP2Error -> HTTP2Error -> Bool

(/=) :: HTTP2Error -> HTTP2Error -> Bool

Read HTTP2Error

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS HTTP2Error

readList :: ReadS [HTTP2Error]

readPrec :: ReadPrec HTTP2Error

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [HTTP2Error]

Show HTTP2Error

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> HTTP2Error -> ShowS

show :: HTTP2Error -> String

showList :: [HTTP2Error] -> ShowS

Exception HTTP2Error

Defined in Network.HTTP2.Types

Methods

toException :: HTTP2Error -> SomeException

fromException :: SomeException -> Maybe HTTP2Error

displayException :: HTTP2Error -> String

errorCodeId :: HTTP2Error -> ErrorCodeId

Obtaining ErrorCodeId from HTTP2Error.

Predefined values

connectionPreface :: ByteString

The preface of HTTP/2.

>>> connectionPreface
"PRI * HTTP/2.0\r\n\r\nSM\r\n\r\n"

connectionPrefaceLength :: Int

Length of the preface.

>>> connectionPrefaceLength
24

frameHeaderLength :: Int

The length of HTTP/2 frame header.

>>> frameHeaderLength
9

maxPayloadLength :: Int

The maximum length of HTTP/2 payload.

>>> maxPayloadLength
16384

recommendedConcurrency :: Int

Default concurrency.

>>> recommendedConcurrency
100