{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-}
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702
{-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 707
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 800
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveLift #-}
#endif
#ifndef MIN_VERSION_vector
#define MIN_VERSION_vector(x,y,z) 1
#endif
#ifndef MIN_VERSION_transformers
#define MIN_VERSION_transformers(x,y,z) 1
#endif
module Linear.Plucker
( Plucker(..)
, squaredError
, isotropic
, (><)
, plucker
, plucker3D
, parallel
, intersects
, LinePass(..)
, passes
, quadranceToOrigin
, closestToOrigin
, isLine
, coincides
, coincides'
, p01, p02, p03
, p10, p12, p13
, p20, p21, p23
, p30, p31, p32
, e01, e02, e03, e12, e31, e23
) where
import Control.Applicative
import Control.DeepSeq (NFData(rnf))
import Control.Monad (liftM)
import Control.Monad.Fix
import Control.Monad.Zip
import Control.Lens hiding (index, (<.>))
import Data.Binary as Binary
import Data.Bytes.Serial
import Data.Distributive
import Data.Foldable as Foldable
import Data.Functor.Bind
import Data.Functor.Classes
import Data.Functor.Rep
import Data.Hashable
import Data.Semigroup
import Data.Semigroup.Foldable
import Data.Serialize as Cereal
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 707
import qualified Data.Vector as V
#endif
import qualified Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable as M
import qualified Data.Vector.Generic as G
import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base as U
import Foreign.Ptr (castPtr)
import Foreign.Storable (Storable(..))
import GHC.Arr (Ix(..))
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702
import GHC.Generics (Generic)
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 706
import GHC.Generics (Generic1)
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 800
import Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax (Lift)
#endif
import Linear.Epsilon
import Linear.Metric
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 707
import Linear.V
#endif
import Linear.V2
import Linear.V3
import Linear.V4
import Linear.Vector
import System.Random
{-# ANN module "HLint: ignore Reduce duplication" #-}
data Plucker a = Plucker !a !a !a !a !a !a deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702
,Generic
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 706
,Generic1
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 800
,Lift
#endif
)
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 707
instance Finite Plucker where
type Size Plucker = 6
toV (Plucker a b c d e f) = V (V.fromListN 6 [a,b,c,d,e,f])
fromV (V v) = Plucker (v V.! 0) (v V.! 1) (v V.! 2) (v V.! 3) (v V.! 4) (v V.! 5)
#endif
instance Random a => Random (Plucker a) where
random g = case random g of
(a, g1) -> case random g1 of
(b, g2) -> case random g2 of
(c, g3) -> case random g3 of
(d, g4) -> case random g4 of
(e, g5) -> case random g5 of
(f, g6) -> (Plucker a b c d e f, g6)
randomR (Plucker a b c d e f, Plucker a' b' c' d' e' f') g = case randomR (a,a') g of
(a'', g1) -> case randomR (b,b') g1 of
(b'', g2) -> case randomR (c,c') g2 of
(c'', g3) -> case randomR (d,d') g3 of
(d'', g4) -> case randomR (e,e') g4 of
(e'', g5) -> case randomR (f,f') g5 of
(f'', g6) -> (Plucker a'' b'' c'' d'' e'' f'', g6)
instance Functor Plucker where
fmap g (Plucker a b c d e f) = Plucker (g a) (g b) (g c) (g d) (g e) (g f)
{-# INLINE fmap #-}
instance Apply Plucker where
Plucker a b c d e f <.> Plucker g h i j k l =
Plucker (a g) (b h) (c i) (d j) (e k) (f l)
{-# INLINE (<.>) #-}
instance Applicative Plucker where
pure a = Plucker a a a a a a
{-# INLINE pure #-}
Plucker a b c d e f <*> Plucker g h i j k l =
Plucker (a g) (b h) (c i) (d j) (e k) (f l)
{-# INLINE (<*>) #-}
instance Additive Plucker where
zero = pure 0
{-# INLINE zero #-}
liftU2 = liftA2
{-# INLINE liftU2 #-}
liftI2 = liftA2
{-# INLINE liftI2 #-}
instance Bind Plucker where
Plucker a b c d e f >>- g = Plucker a' b' c' d' e' f' where
Plucker a' _ _ _ _ _ = g a
Plucker _ b' _ _ _ _ = g b
Plucker _ _ c' _ _ _ = g c
Plucker _ _ _ d' _ _ = g d
Plucker _ _ _ _ e' _ = g e
Plucker _ _ _ _ _ f' = g f
{-# INLINE (>>-) #-}
instance Monad Plucker where
return a = Plucker a a a a a a
{-# INLINE return #-}
Plucker a b c d e f >>= g = Plucker a' b' c' d' e' f' where
Plucker a' _ _ _ _ _ = g a
Plucker _ b' _ _ _ _ = g b
Plucker _ _ c' _ _ _ = g c
Plucker _ _ _ d' _ _ = g d
Plucker _ _ _ _ e' _ = g e
Plucker _ _ _ _ _ f' = g f
{-# INLINE (>>=) #-}
instance Distributive Plucker where
distribute f = Plucker (fmap (\(Plucker x _ _ _ _ _) -> x) f)
(fmap (\(Plucker _ x _ _ _ _) -> x) f)
(fmap (\(Plucker _ _ x _ _ _) -> x) f)
(fmap (\(Plucker _ _ _ x _ _) -> x) f)
(fmap (\(Plucker _ _ _ _ x _) -> x) f)
(fmap (\(Plucker _ _ _ _ _ x) -> x) f)
{-# INLINE distribute #-}
instance Representable Plucker where
type Rep Plucker = E Plucker
tabulate f = Plucker (f e01) (f e02) (f e03) (f e23) (f e31) (f e12)
{-# INLINE tabulate #-}
index xs (E l) = view l xs
{-# INLINE index #-}
instance Foldable Plucker where
foldMap g (Plucker a b c d e f) =
g a `mappend` g b `mappend` g c `mappend` g d `mappend` g e `mappend` g f
{-# INLINE foldMap #-}
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 710
null _ = False
length _ = 6
#endif
instance Traversable Plucker where
traverse g (Plucker a b c d e f) =
Plucker <$> g a <*> g b <*> g c <*> g d <*> g e <*> g f
{-# INLINE traverse #-}
instance Foldable1 Plucker where
foldMap1 g (Plucker a b c d e f) =
g a <> g b <> g c <> g d <> g e <> g f
{-# INLINE foldMap1 #-}
instance Traversable1 Plucker where
traverse1 g (Plucker a b c d e f) =
Plucker <$> g a <.> g b <.> g c <.> g d <.> g e <.> g f
{-# INLINE traverse1 #-}
instance Ix a => Ix (Plucker a) where
range (Plucker l1 l2 l3 l4 l5 l6,Plucker u1 u2 u3 u4 u5 u6) =
[Plucker i1 i2 i3 i4 i5 i6 | i1 <- range (l1,u1)
, i2 <- range (l2,u2)
, i3 <- range (l3,u3)
, i4 <- range (l4,u4)
, i5 <- range (l5,u5)
, i6 <- range (l6,u6)
]
{-# INLINE range #-}
unsafeIndex (Plucker l1 l2 l3 l4 l5 l6,Plucker u1 u2 u3 u4 u5 u6) (Plucker i1 i2 i3 i4 i5 i6) =
unsafeIndex (l6,u6) i6 + unsafeRangeSize (l6,u6) * (
unsafeIndex (l5,u5) i5 + unsafeRangeSize (l5,u5) * (
unsafeIndex (l4,u4) i4 + unsafeRangeSize (l4,u4) * (
unsafeIndex (l3,u3) i3 + unsafeRangeSize (l3,u3) * (
unsafeIndex (l2,u2) i2 + unsafeRangeSize (l2,u2) *
unsafeIndex (l1,u1) i1))))
{-# INLINE unsafeIndex #-}
inRange (Plucker l1 l2 l3 l4 l5 l6,Plucker u1 u2 u3 u4 u5 u6) (Plucker i1 i2 i3 i4 i5 i6) =
inRange (l1,u1) i1 && inRange (l2,u2) i2 &&
inRange (l3,u3) i3 && inRange (l4,u4) i4 &&
inRange (l5,u5) i5 && inRange (l6,u6) i6
{-# INLINE inRange #-}
instance Num a => Num (Plucker a) where
(+) = liftA2 (+)
{-# INLINE (+) #-}
(-) = liftA2 (-)
{-# INLINE (-) #-}
(*) = liftA2 (*)
{-# INLINE (*) #-}
negate = fmap negate
{-# INLINE negate #-}
abs = fmap abs
{-# INLINE abs #-}
signum = fmap signum
{-# INLINE signum #-}
fromInteger = pure . fromInteger
{-# INLINE fromInteger #-}
instance Fractional a => Fractional (Plucker a) where
recip = fmap recip
{-# INLINE recip #-}
(/) = liftA2 (/)
{-# INLINE (/) #-}
fromRational = pure . fromRational
{-# INLINE fromRational #-}
instance Floating a => Floating (Plucker a) where
pi = pure pi
{-# INLINE pi #-}
exp = fmap exp
{-# INLINE exp #-}
sqrt = fmap sqrt
{-# INLINE sqrt #-}
log = fmap log
{-# INLINE log #-}
(**) = liftA2 (**)
{-# INLINE (**) #-}
logBase = liftA2 logBase
{-# INLINE logBase #-}
sin = fmap sin
{-# INLINE sin #-}
tan = fmap tan
{-# INLINE tan #-}
cos = fmap cos
{-# INLINE cos #-}
asin = fmap asin
{-# INLINE asin #-}
atan = fmap atan
{-# INLINE atan #-}
acos = fmap acos
{-# INLINE acos #-}
sinh = fmap sinh
{-# INLINE sinh #-}
tanh = fmap tanh
{-# INLINE tanh #-}
cosh = fmap cosh
{-# INLINE cosh #-}
asinh = fmap asinh
{-# INLINE asinh #-}
atanh = fmap atanh
{-# INLINE atanh #-}
acosh = fmap acosh
{-# INLINE acosh #-}
instance Hashable a => Hashable (Plucker a) where
hashWithSalt s (Plucker a b c d e f) = s `hashWithSalt` a `hashWithSalt` b `hashWithSalt` c `hashWithSalt` d `hashWithSalt` e `hashWithSalt` f
{-# INLINE hashWithSalt #-}
instance Storable a => Storable (Plucker a) where
sizeOf _ = 6 * sizeOf (undefined::a)
{-# INLINE sizeOf #-}
alignment _ = alignment (undefined::a)
{-# INLINE alignment #-}
poke ptr (Plucker a b c d e f) = do
poke ptr' a
pokeElemOff ptr' 1 b
pokeElemOff ptr' 2 c
pokeElemOff ptr' 3 d
pokeElemOff ptr' 4 e
pokeElemOff ptr' 5 f
where ptr' = castPtr ptr
{-# INLINE poke #-}
peek ptr = Plucker <$> peek ptr'
<*> peekElemOff ptr' 1
<*> peekElemOff ptr' 2
<*> peekElemOff ptr' 3
<*> peekElemOff ptr' 4
<*> peekElemOff ptr' 5
where ptr' = castPtr ptr
{-# INLINE peek #-}
instance Metric Plucker where
dot (Plucker a b c d e f) (Plucker g h i j k l) = a*g+b*h+c*i+d*j+e*k+f*l
{-# INLINE dot #-}
instance Epsilon a => Epsilon (Plucker a) where
nearZero = nearZero . quadrance
{-# INLINE nearZero #-}
plucker :: Num a => V4 a -> V4 a -> Plucker a
plucker (V4 a b c d)
(V4 e f g h) =
Plucker (a*f-b*e)
(a*g-c*e)
(b*g-c*f)
(a*h-d*e)
(b*h-d*f)
(c*h-d*g)
{-# INLINE plucker #-}
plucker3D :: Num a => V3 a -> V3 a -> Plucker a
plucker3D p q = Plucker a b c d e f
where V3 a b c = p - q
V3 d e f = p `cross` q
p01, p02, p03, p23, p31, p12 :: Lens' (Plucker a) a
p01 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = (\a' -> Plucker a' b c d e f) <$> g a
p02 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = (\b' -> Plucker a b' c d e f) <$> g b
p03 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = (\c' -> Plucker a b c' d e f) <$> g c
p23 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = (\d' -> Plucker a b c d' e f) <$> g d
p31 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = (\e' -> Plucker a b c d e' f) <$> g e
p12 g (Plucker a b c d e f) = Plucker a b c d e <$> g f
{-# INLINE p01 #-}
{-# INLINE p02 #-}
{-# INLINE p03 #-}
{-# INLINE p23 #-}
{-# INLINE p31 #-}
{-# INLINE p12 #-}
p10, p20, p30, p32, p13, p21 :: (Functor f, Num a) => (a -> f a) -> Plucker a -> f (Plucker a)
p10 = anti p01
p20 = anti p02
p30 = anti p03
p32 = anti p23
p13 = anti p31
p21 = anti p21
{-# INLINE p10 #-}
{-# INLINE p20 #-}
{-# INLINE p30 #-}
{-# INLINE p32 #-}
{-# INLINE p13 #-}
{-# INLINE p21 #-}
anti :: (Functor f, Num a) => ((a -> f a) -> r) -> (a -> f a) -> r
anti k f = k (fmap negate . f . negate)
e01, e02, e03, e23, e31, e12 :: E Plucker
e01 = E p01
e02 = E p02
e03 = E p03
e23 = E p23
e31 = E p31
e12 = E p12
instance FunctorWithIndex (E Plucker) Plucker where
imap f (Plucker a b c d e g) = Plucker (f e01 a) (f e02 b) (f e03 c) (f e23 d) (f e31 e) (f e12 g)
{-# INLINE imap #-}
instance FoldableWithIndex (E Plucker) Plucker where
ifoldMap f (Plucker a b c d e g) = f e01 a `mappend` f e02 b `mappend` f e03 c
`mappend` f e23 d `mappend` f e31 e `mappend` f e12 g
{-# INLINE ifoldMap #-}
instance TraversableWithIndex (E Plucker) Plucker where
itraverse f (Plucker a b c d e g) = Plucker <$> f e01 a <*> f e02 b <*> f e03 c
<*> f e23 d <*> f e31 e <*> f e12 g
{-# INLINE itraverse #-}
type instance Index (Plucker a) = E Plucker
type instance IxValue (Plucker a) = a
instance Ixed (Plucker a) where
ix = el
{-# INLINE ix #-}
instance Each (Plucker a) (Plucker b) a b where
each = traverse
{-# INLINE each #-}
squaredError :: Num a => Plucker a -> a
squaredError v = v >< v
{-# INLINE squaredError #-}
infixl 5 ><
(><) :: Num a => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> a
Plucker a b c d e f >< Plucker g h i j k l = a*l-b*k+c*j+d*i-e*h+f*g
{-# INLINE (><) #-}
isotropic :: Epsilon a => Plucker a -> Bool
isotropic a = nearZero (a >< a)
{-# INLINE isotropic #-}
intersects :: (Epsilon a, Ord a) => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> Bool
intersects a b = not (a `parallel` b) && passes a b == Coplanar
{-# INLINE intersects #-}
data LinePass = Coplanar
| Clockwise
| Counterclockwise
deriving (Eq, Show
#if defined(__GLASGOW_HASKELL__) && __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702
,Generic
#endif
)
passes :: (Epsilon a, Ord a) => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> LinePass
passes a b
| nearZero s = Coplanar
| s > 0 = Counterclockwise
| otherwise = Clockwise
where s = (u1 `dot` v2) + (u2 `dot` v1)
V2 u1 v1 = toUV a
V2 u2 v2 = toUV b
{-# INLINE passes #-}
parallel :: Epsilon a => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> Bool
parallel a b = nearZero $ u1 `cross` u2
where V2 u1 _ = toUV a
V2 u2 _ = toUV b
{-# INLINE parallel #-}
toUV :: Plucker a -> V2 (V3 a)
toUV (Plucker a b c d e f) = V2 (V3 a b c) (V3 d e f)
coincides :: (Epsilon a, Fractional a) => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> Bool
coincides p1 p2 = Foldable.all nearZero $ (s *^ p2) - p1
where s = maybe 1 getFirst . getOption . fold $ saveDiv <$> p1 <*> p2
saveDiv x y | nearZero y = Option Nothing
| otherwise = Option . Just $ First (x / y)
{-# INLINABLE coincides #-}
coincides' :: (Epsilon a, Fractional a, Ord a) => Plucker a -> Plucker a -> Bool
coincides' p1 p2 = Foldable.all nearZero ((s *^ p2) - p1) && s > 0
where s = maybe 1 getFirst . getOption . fold $ saveDiv <$> p1 <*> p2
saveDiv x y | nearZero y = Option Nothing
| otherwise = Option . Just $ First (x / y)
{-# INLINABLE coincides' #-}
quadranceToOrigin :: Fractional a => Plucker a -> a
quadranceToOrigin p = (v `dot` v) / (u `dot` u)
where V2 u v = toUV p
{-# INLINE quadranceToOrigin #-}
closestToOrigin :: Fractional a => Plucker a -> V3 a
closestToOrigin p = normalizePoint $ V4 x y z (u `dot` u)
where V2 u v = toUV p
V3 x y z = v `cross` u
{-# INLINE closestToOrigin #-}
isLine :: Epsilon a => Plucker a -> Bool
isLine p = nearZero $ u `dot` v
where V2 u v = toUV p
{-# INLINE isLine #-}
data instance U.Vector (Plucker a) = V_Plucker !Int (U.Vector a)
data instance U.MVector s (Plucker a) = MV_Plucker !Int (U.MVector s a)
instance U.Unbox a => U.Unbox (Plucker a)
instance U.Unbox a => M.MVector U.MVector (Plucker a) where
basicLength (MV_Plucker n _) = n
basicUnsafeSlice m n (MV_Plucker _ v) = MV_Plucker n (M.basicUnsafeSlice (6*m) (6*n) v)
basicOverlaps (MV_Plucker _ v) (MV_Plucker _ u) = M.basicOverlaps v u
basicUnsafeNew n = liftM (MV_Plucker n) (M.basicUnsafeNew (6*n))
basicUnsafeRead (MV_Plucker _ a) i =
do let o = 6*i
x <- M.basicUnsafeRead a o
y <- M.basicUnsafeRead a (o+1)
z <- M.basicUnsafeRead a (o+2)
w <- M.basicUnsafeRead a (o+3)
v <- M.basicUnsafeRead a (o+4)
u <- M.basicUnsafeRead a (o+5)
return (Plucker x y z w v u)
basicUnsafeWrite (MV_Plucker _ a) i (Plucker x y z w v u) =
do let o = 6*i
M.basicUnsafeWrite a o x
M.basicUnsafeWrite a (o+1) y
M.basicUnsafeWrite a (o+2) z
M.basicUnsafeWrite a (o+3) w
M.basicUnsafeWrite a (o+4) v
M.basicUnsafeWrite a (o+5) u
#if MIN_VERSION_vector(0,11,0)
basicInitialize (MV_Plucker _ v) = M.basicInitialize v
#endif
instance U.Unbox a => G.Vector U.Vector (Plucker a) where
basicUnsafeFreeze (MV_Plucker n v) = liftM ( V_Plucker n) (G.basicUnsafeFreeze v)
basicUnsafeThaw ( V_Plucker n v) = liftM (MV_Plucker n) (G.basicUnsafeThaw v)
basicLength ( V_Plucker n _) = n
basicUnsafeSlice m n (V_Plucker _ v) = V_Plucker n (G.basicUnsafeSlice (6*m) (6*n) v)
basicUnsafeIndexM (V_Plucker _ a) i =
do let o = 6*i
x <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a o
y <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a (o+1)
z <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a (o+2)
w <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a (o+3)
v <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a (o+4)
u <- G.basicUnsafeIndexM a (o+5)
return (Plucker x y z w v u)
instance MonadZip Plucker where
mzipWith = liftA2
instance MonadFix Plucker where
mfix f = Plucker (let Plucker a _ _ _ _ _ = f a in a)
(let Plucker _ a _ _ _ _ = f a in a)
(let Plucker _ _ a _ _ _ = f a in a)
(let Plucker _ _ _ a _ _ = f a in a)
(let Plucker _ _ _ _ a _ = f a in a)
(let Plucker _ _ _ _ _ a = f a in a)
instance NFData a => NFData (Plucker a) where
rnf (Plucker a b c d e f) = rnf a `seq` rnf b `seq` rnf c
`seq` rnf d `seq` rnf e `seq` rnf f
instance Serial1 Plucker where
serializeWith = traverse_
deserializeWith k = Plucker <$> k <*> k <*> k <*> k <*> k <*> k
instance Serial a => Serial (Plucker a) where
serialize = serializeWith serialize
deserialize = deserializeWith deserialize
instance Binary a => Binary (Plucker a) where
put = serializeWith Binary.put
get = deserializeWith Binary.get
instance Serialize a => Serialize (Plucker a) where
put = serializeWith Cereal.put
get = deserializeWith Cereal.get
#if (MIN_VERSION_transformers(0,5,0)) || !(MIN_VERSION_transformers(0,4,0))
instance Eq1 Plucker where
liftEq k (Plucker a1 b1 c1 d1 e1 f1)
(Plucker a2 b2 c2 d2 e2 f2)
= k a1 a2 && k b1 b2 && k c1 c2 && k d1 d2 && k e1 e2 && k f1 f2
instance Ord1 Plucker where
liftCompare k (Plucker a1 b1 c1 d1 e1 f1)
(Plucker a2 b2 c2 d2 e2 f2)
= k a1 a2 `mappend` k b1 b2 `mappend` k c1 c2 `mappend` k d1 d2 `mappend` k e1 e2 `mappend` k f1 f2
instance Read1 Plucker where
liftReadsPrec k _ z = readParen (z > 10) $ \r ->
[ (Plucker a b c d e f, r7)
| ("Plucker",r1) <- lex r
, (a,r2) <- k 11 r1
, (b,r3) <- k 11 r2
, (c,r4) <- k 11 r3
, (d,r5) <- k 11 r4
, (e,r6) <- k 11 r5
, (f,r7) <- k 11 r6
]
instance Show1 Plucker where
liftShowsPrec k _ z (Plucker a b c d e f) = showParen (z > 10) $
showString "Plucker " . k 11 a . showChar ' ' . k 11 b . showChar ' ' . k 11 c . showChar ' ' . k 11 d . showChar ' ' . k 11 e . showChar ' ' . k 11 f
#else
instance Eq1 Plucker where eq1 = (==)
instance Ord1 Plucker where compare1 = compare
instance Show1 Plucker where showsPrec1 = showsPrec
instance Read1 Plucker where readsPrec1 = readsPrec
#endif
instance Field1 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_1 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f x <&> \x' -> Plucker x' y z u v w
instance Field2 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_2 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f y <&> \y' -> Plucker x y' z u v w
instance Field3 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_3 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f z <&> \z' -> Plucker x y z' u v w
instance Field4 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_4 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f u <&> \u' -> Plucker x y z u' v w
instance Field5 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_5 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f v <&> \v' -> Plucker x y z u v' w
instance Field6 (Plucker a) (Plucker a) a a where
_6 f (Plucker x y z u v w) = f w <&> \w' -> Plucker x y z u v w'
instance Semigroup a => Semigroup (Plucker a) where
(<>) = liftA2 (<>)
instance Monoid a => Monoid (Plucker a) where
mempty = pure mempty
#if !(MIN_VERSION_base(4,11,0))
mappend = liftA2 mappend
#endif