Portability	portable
Stability	provisional
Maintainer	Edward Kmett <ekmett@gmail.com>
Safe Haskell	None

Data.Functor.Bind

Contents

Functors
Applyable functors
Wrappers
Bindable functors

Description

NB: The definitions exported through Data.Functor.Apply need to be included here because otherwise the instances for the transformers package have orphaned heads.

Synopsis

Functors

class Functor f where

The Functor class is used for types that can be mapped over. Instances of Functor should satisfy the following laws:

 fmap id  ==  id
 fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g

The instances of Functor for lists, Maybe and IO satisfy these laws.

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

(<$) :: a -> f b -> f a

Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default definition is fmap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Instances

Functor []
Functor IO
Functor Id
Functor ZipList
Functor Handler
Functor STM
Functor ReadPrec
Functor ReadP
Functor Maybe
Functor Digit
Functor Node
Functor Elem
Functor Id
Functor FingerTree
Functor Tree
Functor Seq
Functor ViewL
Functor ViewR
Functor IntMap
Functor Option
Functor NonEmpty
Functor Identity
Functor ((->) r)
Functor (Either a)
Functor ((,) a)
Functor (ST s)
Functor (StateL s)
Functor (StateR s)
Functor (Const m)
Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m)
Functor (ST s)
Arrow a => Functor (ArrowMonad a)
Functor (State s)
Functor (Map k)
Functor m => Functor (MaybeT m)
Functor m => Functor (ListT m)
Functor m => Functor (IdentityT m)
Functor f => Functor (MaybeApply f)
Functor f => Functor (WrappedApplicative f)
Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b)
Functor (Cokleisli w a)
Functor m => Functor (WriterT w m)
Functor m => Functor (WriterT w m)
Functor m => Functor (StateT s m)
Functor m => Functor (StateT s m)
Functor m => Functor (ReaderT r m)
Functor m => Functor (ErrorT e m)
Functor (ContT r m)
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Compose f g)
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Product f g)
Functor f => Functor (Static f a)
Functor m => Functor (RWST r w s m)
Functor m => Functor (RWST r w s m)

(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

An infix synonym for fmap.

($>) :: Functor f => f a -> b -> f b

Replace the contents of a functor uniformly with a constant value.

Applyable functors

class Functor f => Apply f whereSource

A strong lax semi-monoidal endofunctor. This is equivalent to an Applicative without pure.

Laws:

 associative composition: (.) <$> u <.> v <.> w = u <.> (v <.> w)

Methods

(<.>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f bSource

(.>) :: f a -> f b -> f bSource

 a  .> b = const id <$> a <.> b

(<.) :: f a -> f b -> f aSource

 a <. b = const <$> a <.> b

Instances

Apply []
Apply IO
Apply ZipList
Apply Maybe
Apply Tree
Apply Seq
Apply IntMap	An IntMap is not `Applicative`, but it is an instance of `Apply`
Apply Option
Apply NonEmpty
Apply Identity
Apply ((->) m)
Apply (Either a)
Semigroup m => Apply ((,) m)
Semigroup m => Apply (Const m)
Monad m => Apply (WrappedMonad m)
Ord k => Apply (Map k)	A Map is not `Applicative`, but it is an instance of `Apply`
(Bind m, Monad m) => Apply (MaybeT m)
Apply m => Apply (ListT m)
Apply w => Apply (IdentityT w)
Apply f => Apply (MaybeApply f)
Applicative f => Apply (WrappedApplicative f)
Arrow a => Apply (WrappedArrow a b)
Apply (Cokleisli w a)
(Apply m, Semigroup w) => Apply (WriterT w m)
(Apply m, Semigroup w) => Apply (WriterT w m)
Bind m => Apply (StateT s m)
Bind m => Apply (StateT s m)
Apply m => Apply (ReaderT e m)
(Bind m, Monad m) => Apply (ErrorT e m)
Apply (ContT r m)
(Apply f, Apply g) => Apply (Compose f g)
(Apply f, Apply g) => Apply (Product f g)
Apply f => Apply (Static f a)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Apply (RWST r w s m)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Apply (RWST r w s m)

(<..>) :: Apply w => w a -> w (a -> b) -> w bSource

A variant of <.> with the arguments reversed.

liftF2 :: Apply w => (a -> b -> c) -> w a -> w b -> w cSource

Lift a binary function into a comonad with zipping

liftF3 :: Apply w => (a -> b -> c -> d) -> w a -> w b -> w c -> w dSource

Lift a ternary function into a comonad with zipping

Wrappers

newtype WrappedApplicative f a Source

Wrap an Applicative to be used as a member of Apply

Constructors

WrapApplicative
Fields unwrapApplicative :: f a

Instances

Functor f => Functor (WrappedApplicative f)
Applicative f => Applicative (WrappedApplicative f)
Alternative f => Alternative (WrappedApplicative f)
Applicative f => Apply (WrappedApplicative f)
Alternative f => Alt (WrappedApplicative f)
Alternative f => Plus (WrappedApplicative f)

newtype MaybeApply f a Source

Transform a Apply into an Applicative by adding a unit.

Constructors

MaybeApply
Fields runMaybeApply :: Either (f a) a

Instances

Functor f => Functor (MaybeApply f)
Apply f => Applicative (MaybeApply f)
Comonad f => Comonad (MaybeApply f)
Extend f => Extend (MaybeApply f)
Apply f => Apply (MaybeApply f)

Bindable functors

class Apply m => Bind m whereSource

A Monad sans return.

Minimal definition: Either join or >>-

If defining both, then the following laws (the default definitions) must hold:

 join = (>>- id)
 m >>- f = join (fmap f m)

Laws:

 induced definition of <.>: f <.> x = f >>- (<$> x)

Finally, there are two associativity conditions:

 associativity of (>>-):    (m >>- f) >>- g == m >>- (\x -> f x >>- g)
 associativity of join:     join . join = join . fmap join

These can both be seen as special cases of the constraint that

 associativity of (->-): (f ->- g) ->- h = f ->- (g ->- h)

Methods

(>>-) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m bSource

join :: m (m a) -> m aSource

Instances

Bind []
Bind IO
Bind Maybe
Bind Tree
Bind Seq
Bind IntMap	An `IntMap` is a `Applicative`, but it is an instance of `Bind`
Bind Option
Bind NonEmpty
Bind Identity
Bind ((->) m)
Bind (Either a)
Semigroup m => Bind ((,) m)
Monad m => Bind (WrappedMonad m)
Ord k => Bind (Map k)	A `Map` is not a `Monad`, but it is an instance of `Bind`
(Bind m, Monad m) => Bind (MaybeT m)
(Bind m, Monad m) => Bind (ListT m)
Bind m => Bind (IdentityT m)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Bind (WriterT w m)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Bind (WriterT w m)
Bind m => Bind (StateT s m)
Bind m => Bind (StateT s m)
Bind m => Bind (ReaderT e m)
(Bind m, Monad m) => Bind (ErrorT e m)
Bind (ContT r m)
(Bind f, Bind g) => Bind (Product f g)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Bind (RWST r w s m)
(Bind m, Semigroup w) => Bind (RWST r w s m)

(-<<) :: Bind m => (a -> m b) -> m a -> m bSource

(-<-) :: Bind m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m cSource

(->-) :: Bind m => (a -> m b) -> (b -> m c) -> a -> m cSource

apDefault :: Bind f => f (a -> b) -> f a -> f bSource

returning :: Functor f => f a -> (a -> b) -> f bSource